Case No. IT-99-36-A
Before:
Judge Theodor Meron, Presiding
Judge Mohamed Shahabuddeen
Judge Mehmet Güney
Judge Andrésia Vaz
Judge Christine Van Den Wyngaert
Registrar:
Hans Holthuis
Decision:
3 March 2006
PROSECUTOR
v.
RADOSLAV BRDJANIN
__________________________________________
DECISION ON DEFENCE MOTION TO ADMIT ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE PURSUANT TO RULE 115
__________________________________________
The Office of the Prosecutor:
Mr Mark J. McKeon
Counsel for the Accused:
Mr. John Ackerman
1. The Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991 (“International Tribunal ”) is seized of a “Motion to Admit Additional Evidence Pursuant to Rule 115”, filed by the Appellant Radoslav Brdanin (“ Appellant”) on 17 October 2005 (“Motion”). The Appellant seeks to introduce four documents as additional evidence on appeal, pursuant to Rule 115 of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the International Tribunal (“Rules”).
2. In his Appeal Brief in this case, the Appellant has argued that the Trial Chamber erred in citing a particular document, trial exhibit P116, in reference to the chain of command within the Serb-controlled Krajina region of Bosnia and Herzegovina (“ Autonomous Region Krajina”, or “ARK”).1 He argues that exhibit P116 pertains to events in the Serbian Autonomous District of Krajina (“SAO Krajina”), a region within Croatia then controlled by Serbs, and not to the ARK.2 In its Response Brief,3 the Prosecution argues that the references in exhibit P116 to “SAO Krajina” must be understood in context to refer to the ARK.4 This fact, the Prosecution contends, was made clear by the document’s references to Bosnia and Herzegovina, by trial testimony, and by the fact that, at the time exhibit P116 was produced in February 1992, the “SAO Krajina” entity in Croatia no longer existed.5
3. The four documents the Appellant now seeks to introduce make reference in various contexts to the Croatian entity of SAO Krajina. He asserts, without further explanation, that the documents “clarify the matter [of what exhibit P116 refers to] and make it abundantly clear” that his position is correct.6 The Prosecution opposes the Appellant’s motion, arguing that it is untimely and fails to demonstrate that the requirements of Rule 115 are satisfied.7 The Appellant has not filed a reply.
4. Until 23 November 2005, Rule 115(A) of the Rules provided that a motion to present additional evidence before the Appeals Chamber must “be served on the other party and filed with the Registrar not later than seventy-five days from the date of the judgement, unless good cause is shown for further delay”. In this case, the Judgement of the Trial Chamber was entered on 1 September 2004, and the Appellant filed his Motion almost a year later, on 17 October 2005. The Motion was therefore clearly untimely when filed.
5. On 23 November 2005, however, Rule 115 was amended, and under the amended Rule 115 motions to admit additional evidence must be “served on the other party and filed with the Registrar not later than thirty days from the date for filing of the brief in reply, unless good cause” is “shown for a delay”. The rule change occurred more than 30 days after the reply brief in this case was filed.8 Hence, the Appellant could not have filed a timely motion after Rule 115 was amended. Nonetheless, the Appellant’s Motion, clearly untimely when filed, was filed within 30 days of the reply brief.
6. In this decision, the Appeals Chamber has no need to consider whether the change to Rule 115 retroactively made the Appellant’s Motion timely, or whether, if the Motion was not timely, the Appellant had good cause for filing late. Even if the Appeals Chamber were to treat the Motion as timely, the proposed evidence would not be admitted.
7. Because the evidence at issue was disclosed to the Appellant during the pre-trial phase of the case,9 it was clearly available at trial. Therefore, the evidence can be admitted only if the Appellant shows that exclusion of it on appeal would lead to a miscarriage of justice, in that if it had been considered at trial, it would have affected the verdict.10 In the Motion, however, the Appellant offers no argument as to why this standard is satisfied. Rather, the Appellant simply asserts that the additional evidence will demonstrate that his argument in the Appeal Brief concerning Exhibit P116 is “neither incorrect [n]or misleading”;11 the Appellant leaves it to the Appeals Chamber to piece together how this evidence might do so and why this might be important. The Appeals Chamber infers that the Appellant thinks references in the proposed evidence to the Croatian entity of SAO Krajina show that exhibit P116 cannot refer to the ARK – and that the Trial Chamber therefore erred in citing this exhibit as evidence about the chain of command in the ARK. Yet in light of other indications about what exhibit P116 refers to – such as the date the exhibit was written and its references to Bosnian Serb institutions12 – the proposed additional evidence would not have precluded the Trial Chamber from concluding that exhibit P116 provides information about the chain of command in the ARK.
8. In sum, the Motion fails to establish “the grounds on which the ruling or relief is sought”13 and, specifically, to meet the Appellant’s “burden to establish that the evidence is material and that its exclusion on appeal would lead to a miscarriage of justice”.14
9. For the foregoing reasons, the Motion is DISMISSED.
Done in both English and French, the English text being authoritative.
__________________
Judge Theodor Meron,
Presiding
Dated this 3rd day of March 2006,
At The Hague,
The Netherlands
[Seal of the International Tribunal]