Page 1960
1 Tuesday, 22nd April 1997
2 (10.00 am)
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
4 We are back after so many days now, so we will try and
5 carry on from where we had stopped.
6 Before we start the proceedings of this morning,
7 I think we will try to deal with two outstanding
8 motions. The first one is the prosecution's intention
9 to show video excerpts to Witness N. We think we should
10 clear that up before we continue with the witness. The
11 second one is a video link as well. I think we can
12 clear these matters.
13 MR. OSTBERG: Your Honour, I have one -- concerning this
14 matter, pursuant to Rule 54, I have one request
15 concerning point two, the request for the inclusion of
16 the transcript of the audio-visual recordings that the
17 Prosecutor handed over in March and the admissibility of
18 evidence, point two in your order.
19 I would request, your Honour, that we have that
20 hearing after we have heard Witness I, that is I want to
21 ask your permission to have this discussion when we have
22 finished with Witness N and Miro Golubovic and with
23 Witness I. The motive for this request is the
24 flexibility of the witnesses. They are waiting to
25 appear before the court, and therefore I think we could
Page 1961
1 without harming anybody's interest have this discussion
2 after having heard these witnesses, your Honour. That
3 is my request.
4 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Do you think the motions we have
5 before us have anything to do with this matter, with
6 what you have raised?
7 MR. OSTBERG: Just a question of timing.
8 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Let us get what you have raised out of
9 our chest and then we can take up whatever you are now
10 raising.
11 MR. OSTBERG: Yes.
12 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Instead of bringing it in between what
13 we are doing.
14 MR. OSTBERG: Okay. We can take it up when it arises after
15 we have dealt with point one. Thank you, your Honour.
16 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Now who is speaking to the motion? It
17 is the prosecution's motion. Who is speaking to it?
18 MR. TURONE: Your Honour, if you want me to start with the
19 first issue, which is the showing of an excerpt
20 videotape to Witness N, we have actually filed a short
21 motion on that, asking for the showing of this excerpt
22 video link to Witness N. We had already a response from
23 one of the defence parties, MR. Delic's defence lawyers.
24 We understand that he would not object to that, provided
25 we are not going to have the sound audible in this court
Page 1962
1 room, and we certainly assure you that the idea of the
2 prosecution is showing only the excerpt video without
3 any sound in order to have the witness recognise places
4 and persons and nothing else, and after that there would
5 be from the part of the prosecution let us say
6 provisional exhibiting of this excerpt video, which
7 might become definitive after the final exhibiting of
8 the original seized videotape. This is the sense of our
9 request, your Honours.
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Any impression on the part of the
11 defence?
12 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, proceeding
13 from the argument presented by the distinguished
14 prosecution representative at the last sitting and what
15 has been said today, the defence of Zejnil Delalic is
16 opposed to the use and showing of the videotape to
17 Witness N; namely, as noted by the prosecution, it is an
18 excerpt of an allegedly seized tape found on the
19 accused. The prosecution has proposed on the list of
20 his witnesses an Austrian policeman as a witness, who
21 has to state before this Trial Chamber whether this is
22 seized material, first, and, secondly, whether this
23 material was lawfully seized. Both facts are essential
24 for a just trial and are in the interest of justice.
25 Explaining his request, the prosecution referred
Page 1963
1 to economical reasons, but these cannot precede the
2 interests of legality, fairness and justice. My client
3 has reason to claim that the evidence taken by the
4 prosecution is not evidence whose validity can be
5 established at this Trial Chamber, therefore, before it
6 is established that the prosecution has evidence in his
7 possession that has been obtained lawfully, for that
8 evidence to be shown to witnesses. Thank you, your
9 Honours.
10 MS. TAPUSKOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honour, referring
11 to the motion of the prosecution to show this videotape,
12 we must point out that it should be underlined that this
13 cassette is a compilation of extracts taken from the
14 apartment of the accused, Mr. Mucic, and we join in what
15 my learned colleague, Ms Residovic, said, that this
16 evidence may be shown only after the witness is heard
17 who first found that tape, and he is number 35 on the
18 prosecution's list. Regardless of the allegations made
19 by the prosecution now, that if the Trial Chamber allows
20 the presentation of this tape, the sound would be
21 switched off and only the pictures would be shown to the
22 witness in order to identify certain persons in the
23 Celebici camp, we still allege that when the witness
24 number 35 on the list appears, that is a member of the
25 Austrian police, I would ask your Honours to allow us to
Page 1964
1 reserve the right to discuss this question again,
2 whether the sound can also be used for the tape.
3 Therefore, the arguments should be made then
4 against the use of this tape with the sound. If the
5 prosecution feels that we should present arguments now,
6 we may do so. There is no problem on our side. We can
7 do that now, but otherwise we feel that this videotape
8 prepared by the prosecution could be shown only after
9 the appearance of witness number 35. I apologise. I do
10 not recall his name. It is a German name. Only then
11 can we discuss whether such evidence is acceptable, and
12 I support all that has been said by my learned colleague
13 Ms Residovic.
14 MS. McMURREY: Your Honours, on behalf of Defendant Esad
15 Landzo, we, having not participated and not owned the
16 videotapes, have no standing to contest the legality of
17 the seizure. So we defer to our esteemed colleagues
18 representing Mr. Delalic and Mr. Mucic on those areas. As
19 far as the content of the videotape itself being shown
20 for identification purposes only, we have no objections
21 to that part as long as, of course, the tapes were
22 legally seized according to the other two defendants,
23 and as long as there is no audiotape. Thank you.
24 MR. MORAN: Your Honour, just so that the record is clear,
25 Mr. Delic has no objection to the admission of the
Page 1965
1 video. We have not agreed to the admission of the
2 audio, not just that it would not be played. We do not
3 agree to the admissibility of it. I think that is the
4 agreement we have with the prosecution, that the audio,
5 the words, would, in fact, not be introduced into
6 evidence.
7 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Actually if I understand the
8 contention of the prosecution, at this stage all they
9 want are just excerpts of the video itself, not the
10 entire document.
11 MR. MORAN: That is correct, your Honour. With that entire
12 understanding, that the audio is not even introduced, we
13 have no objection to it.
14 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: So it is not admitting the video into
15 evidence, just identifying excerpts for purposes of
16 admission?
17 MR. MORAN: That is correct, your Honour.
18 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I think this is all they are trying to
19 do.
20 MR. TURONE: Your Honour, have I understood in your
21 statement we only show the video without even a
22 provision of exhibiting?
23 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Well, you want to make it an exhibit?
24 MR. TURONE: Well, let us say -- I will repeat that we are
25 quite in agreement with --
Page 1966
1 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You have to show how it can be an
2 exhibit under this witness, who is merely identifying
3 certain excerpts in it.
4 MR. TURONE: The prosecution is very flexible on that. We
5 might simply have in the record of the testimony the
6 witness recognising places and persons and nothing
7 else. If the provisional exhibiting of the tape itself
8 is not deemed to be necessary anyway for reasons of the
9 record, but anyway, even in case of a provisional
10 exhibiting, in our submission, that would be provisional
11 in the sense that it might become definitive only when
12 we will be in a position to prove the legal seizure of
13 the tape and then reach the admission of the original
14 seized tape as a definitive exhibit.
15 Anyway our position is quite flexible. We
16 reassure the defence lawyers that we are not going to
17 play the audio of this videotape, and we simply would
18 like to have the witness recognise persons whenever he
19 is in a position to do that, and if there is no
20 objection to this kind of a provisional exhibiting, we
21 will be happy to do that. Otherwise we will not even
22 try to have this kind of a provisional exhibit.
23 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I wish I understood all you have said,
24 because all you are trying to show is that this witness
25 identifies certain persons in the video? This is all
Page 1967
1 you say. It makes no claim as to how the video was
2 produced. He has no authority as to how it came into
3 possession. I do not see how you can even bring it into
4 exhibiting at all.
5 MR. TURONE: All right, your Honour. I agree.
6 JUDGE JAN: You want to identify them at a particular place
7 or a particular time? Why do you want to get them
8 identified? The witness knows the accused persons. So
9 why do you want this identification? For what purpose?
10 I just want information, nothing more than that.
11 MR. TURONE: The idea is to have the witness recognising and
12 identifying people inside the camp, the same way we did
13 in one of the past hearings with an excerpt video of the
14 same tape, I think, which defence counsels wanted to
15 show to some witnesses for the same reason. This is all
16 what we ask to do. In that case there was anyway an
17 exhibiting of the excerpt video shown to the witnesses,
18 but in our submission this does not make much difference
19 to the prosecution. So we could even be happy in simply
20 having the witness watch the tape and say whether he
21 recognises any person and nothing else, and we might not
22 even have this kind of a provisional exhibit, which
23 I understand the Chamber is sceptical about. I hope my
24 explanation was sufficient.
25 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: We are still in the process of
Page 1968
1 argument. Let us hear -- Ms Residovic wanted to say
2 something.
3 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you, your
4 Honours. If the prosecution wishes the witness to
5 identify places and persons, he has already provided
6 evidence for the court, the model of the camp, the plan,
7 and the photo-spread, and he could have done that for
8 certain persons in this way. The explanation that the
9 defence also used a videotape for purposes of
10 identification I think is not acceptable, since this was
11 a cross-examination by the defence and, secondly, the
12 prosecution has the authority to be able to prove that
13 certain pieces of evidence are legally in his possession
14 before presenting it to the Trial Chamber.
15 MS. TAPUSKOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, in
16 addition to what colleague Residovic has said, that the
17 prosecution was able to carry out the identification in
18 other ways of the camp using the model and the
19 photo-spread and videotapes, the motion of the
20 prosecution of 10th April to allow such evidence in the
21 course of the hearing of Witness N. We were also
22 supplied with a transcript of those excerpts, which are
23 part of the compilation of the videotape which the
24 prosecution wishes to show. We see from the transcript
25 that, with the exception of one of the accused, among
Page 1969
1 the persons shown on the tape there are no other
2 accused, not a single witness, nor any of the guards
3 that are familiar to the participants in these
4 proceedings.
5 What the prosecution wishes to achieve is the
6 question; with the introduction of this videotape the
7 identification of which persons? I would like them to
8 answer this question. Do they wish to combine the
9 accused with third persons, the guards or anyone else?
10 I see no legal relevance of identifying persons and,
11 according to the transcript of the audiotape we were
12 supplied with by the prosecution, regardless of the fact
13 that the prosecution is now stating that for the moment
14 it has no intention of using the audio. Therefore, we
15 need to have proof of the legal relevance of the
16 introduction of such evidence, because we do not know
17 which persons the prosecution wants to be identified.
18 MS. McMURREY: Your Honour, if I might add just one more
19 point just for clarification, the videotape excerpts
20 that have been played before were on cross-examination
21 and were solely --
22 JUDGE ODIO BENITO: Could you wait, please?
23 MS. McMURREY: Oh, I am sorry.
24 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes? Let us hear you.
25 MS. McMURREY: The videotape before was solely used for
Page 1970
1 cross-examination purposes limited to the purpose of
2 impeachment of a prosecution witness. At this point the
3 prosecution is now putting on its case in chief, which
4 means they are presenting evidence in the case, which
5 I think is the clear difference between playing the
6 videotape before and offering the videotape at this
7 time. Thank you.
8 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I think we will later give our reasons
9 in full, but I think after listening to the arguments
10 the Trial Chamber is convinced that it is not really
11 necessary for any identification of any person through
12 the excerpts of these videos before they come into
13 evidence. It is not necessary.
14 The next motion is one from the prosecution also
15 to allow witnesses K, L and M to give their testimony by
16 means of videolink conference. So who is speaking to
17 that?
18 MR. TURONE: Yes, your Honour. I will do that briefly
19 again. We filed this kind of a motion because the two
20 witnesses L and K, have serious medical reasons which
21 prevent them from coming to The Hague concerning the
22 lady and the son of both witnesses. We maintain this
23 request for a videolink for these two witnesses. On the
24 other hand, we withdraw now the request concerning
25 witness M, because, concerning witness M, the host
Page 1971
1 country gave assurances that he will be readmitted into
2 the host country after the testimony.
3 So we maintain our request concerning witnesses K
4 and L and withdraw it concerning Mr. M. As for the
5 reasons why we requested this kind of protective
6 measures for these witnesses, now with these two
7 witnesses, I cannot say -- I would not add anything than
8 what is already written in our motion, your Honours.
9 Thank you.
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Can we hear the defence on this? Any
11 reaction?
12 MR. MORAN: Your Honours, we made clear in our written
13 response so long as the prosecution complies with the
14 decision from the Tadic Trial Chamber on the procedural
15 requirements and logistical requirements and setting
16 things up, Mr. Delic would have no objection at all.
17 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Any other ...?
18 MS. McMURREY: Yes, your Honour. Esad Landzo does object to
19 the videolink testimony of these witnesses as, pursuant
20 to Article 21 of the Rights of the Accused, 21.4(e), and
21 I believe Rule 89 of the Rules of Evidence, he has a
22 right to have the witnesses present in the court room to
23 testify. I do not believe that we have sufficient
24 evidence that these medical reasons of children or
25 siblings or whatever it is that they have presented
Page 1972
1 represent sufficient reason for them not to be presented
2 here in the court room. So the rights of the accused to
3 confront the accusers in person in the court room,
4 I believe, would be violated as far as Esad Landzo is
5 concerned. We do not object to any other protections as
6 long as the witness himself is present in the court
7 room. Thank you.
8 MR. GREAVES: Your Honour, I would respectfully concur with
9 my learned friend who has just spoken on that subject.
10 Thank you.
11 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, the
12 defence of Zejnil Delalic also is on the position that
13 the witness needs to present his testimony confronting
14 the accused. However, we do accept that in certain
15 situations, which need to be reasoned in detail and
16 under very strict conditions, as in the Tadic case, at
17 the Prosecutor's as well as the defence request, there
18 could be some exceptions and the testimony could be
19 provided through videolink. In this specific case,
20 though, we do not see that the prosecution has offered
21 good enough reasons. How, it is our position that,
22 should the Trial Chamber accept this motion in this or
23 any future cases, an issue needs to be resolved which is
24 of some significance for the defence; in other words,
25 how can a witness be provided with some piece of
Page 1973
1 evidence which the defence might want to use in order to
2 impeach the witness or want to use in any other way?
3 The Delalic defence also wants to point out
4 another reason. We will submit in writing to this Trial
5 Chamber that some witnesses have been under a
6 significant influence of the Association of Detainees.
7 This Association has requested before the beginning of
8 this trial that defence get no contact with the
9 witnesses and that it is exerting strong influence on
10 the witnesses. Our learned colleague, Ms McHenry, also
11 pointed out that the Prosecutor does not always have
12 direct contact with the witnesses, but that it gets in
13 touch with the witnesses sometimes through the
14 Association of Detainees.
15 Therefore, the Delalic defence submits that if the
16 videolink is used, the location where this videolink is
17 coming from also needs a person, a representative from
18 both prosecution and defence present at that location.
19 Thank you, your Honours.
20 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Mr. Turone, do you want to add
21 anything? You can take a question from my brother
22 judge.
23 JUDGE JAN: I do not know; I am not really asking you to
24 make any predictions but how long do you think you will
25 take in concluding your evidence? A month, two months,
Page 1974
1 six weeks, how long?
2 MR. TURONE: You mean the whole prosecution case?
3 JUDGE JAN: Prosecution.
4 MR. TURONE: That is a good question, your Honour.
5 JUDGE JAN: As I said, I do not want you to make any exact
6 predictions. This has a bearing on the motion for us.
7 MR. TURONE: A couple of months. Maybe a couple of months.
8 MR. OSTBERG: Two months.
9 JUDGE JAN: Okay. Thank you.
10 MR. TURONE: May I add something else on this issue, your
11 Honour?
12 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, please. Let us hear you in
13 reply.
14 MR. TURONE: First of all, if there is simply a matter of
15 evidence, we are ready to prepare some affidavits and
16 enter some documentation concerning the medical reasons
17 of Ms. and Mrs. -- Mr. and Mrs. K and L, if this is simply
18 a matter of evidence. On the other hand, I do not know
19 if this is very useful for our esteemed colleagues of
20 the defence lawyers, but we not only have no information
21 that this association is improperly behaving, but anyway
22 these two specific witnesses, K and L, had no contact
23 with this association, because they are in a host
24 country and they were not anyway contacted by us through
25 this association. Anyway, the real point I wanted to
Page 1975
1 point out, there is a matter of sufficient evidence. We
2 are ready to prepare -- have some affidavits and
3 documentation on the medical situation concerning these
4 two witnesses and their son. Thank you.
5 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Perhaps before you sit down, I think
6 what really bothers us is the point which has been made
7 by some defence counsel that a videolink conference by
8 itself is in violation of Article 21(e). I thought that
9 is what you should have directed your attention to.
10 MR. TURONE: Your Honour, we rely upon the case law in the
11 Tadic case. Of course, this measure has to be a very,
12 very exceptional measure, and in the Tadic case that was
13 stated, but since it was admitted in the Tadic case
14 under very strict conditions, we supposed -- in our
15 submission we think this might be anyway ruled in other
16 very exceptional circumstances like that. On the other
17 hand, the videolink can be done with particular careful
18 measures so as to respond to every single requirement
19 belonging to the right of correct cross-examination and
20 rights of the defence in general.
21 Of course, this needs some specific practical
22 measures which were anyway taken, as far as I know, in
23 the Tadic case. This is all I can -- this is what I can
24 say about this.
25 JUDGE JAN: I asked you that question about the estimate
Page 1976
1 you will take, because I had something in my mind. You
2 do not have to produce those witnesses immediately.
3 Wait for a month and a half. You will not conclude your
4 evidence before that. Maybe the health of the relatives
5 of these two witnesses will have improved by that time
6 and they are in a position to come. We will consider
7 that question at that stage. This is what I have in
8 mind. That is why I asked you.
9 MR. TURONE: This is anyway the other side of my views on
10 the proper evidence on this specific situation, because
11 the medical situation of these two persons is not a
12 medical situation which can really change better in a
13 couple of months.
14 JUDGE JAN: (redacted)
15 (redacted)
16 MR. TURONE: (redacted)
17 JUDGE JAN: (redacted)
18 (redacted)
19 MR. TURONE: We are not doing that, but there are some
20 particular medical situations, health situations,
21 because of -- I do not know -- heavy cancer or other
22 very, very grave illnesses which probably in any state
23 of the world can be --
24 JUDGE JAN: Why not wait and examine them later?
25 THE INTERPRETER: Microphone please, your Honour.
Page 1977
1 JUDGE JAN: If they are still unable to come, you can
2 repeat your request.
3 MR. TURONE: All right. That might be also ....
4 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I think we have heard you. I think
5 you are not entitled to tell the prognosis at this
6 stage. We will know what to do. We will come back in
7 30 minutes time and give you a ruling.
8 (10.45 am)
9 (Short break)
10 (11.25 am)
11 MS. McMURREY: Your Honours, I know that the court has been
12 deliberating on this issue to give us a ruling on the
13 prosecution's motion at this moment, but the defence
14 attorneys have had a discussion in the defence room and
15 we have a little further argument to offer in relation
16 to this issue of videolink testimony, if the court would
17 so entertain. If not, we will be forced to file our own
18 motion and reopen this issue at another time. So
19 whichever way you would like to hear it. It is relevant
20 to the issue before the court, but if you would rather
21 hear our arguments at another time, we will file a
22 further motion and ask for another hearing on this
23 motion.
24 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You assume too many things. You think
25 merely because you file a further motion, you get it.
Page 1978
1 MS. McMURREY: We hope so, your Honour.
2 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Do not make your own rulings before
3 you hear them. Nobody ever makes rulings when you are
4 asking somebody else for his decision. You have made up
5 your mind. You have to make further applications and
6 get it reargued on your own terms.
7 MS. McMURREY: I am sorry if I presented the question
8 improperly.
9 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: As you have always done. In any
10 event, if it is necessary to put on further arguments,
11 the Trial Chamber will hear that.
12 MS. McMURREY: Okay. Thank you, your Honour.
13 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: We are supposed to hear these things.
14 MS. McMURREY: So I have permission to go into it now?
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: If it is the decision of the defence.
16 MS. McMURREY: Yes, your Honour. Mme Residovic had already
17 mentioned this issue before about the evidence that we
18 have that there has been some -- I hate to use this
19 term; I am afraid to -- possible tampering of the
20 witnesses and not by the prosecution. We are not
21 alleging that any member of this Tribunal has had any
22 kind of contact with the witnesses that has been
23 improper. That is not the allegation of the defence at
24 all. But we believe that there is a foreign group which
25 has been soliciting testimony and prompting these
Page 1979
1 witnesses, and under its -- it is in violation of Rule
2 90(d) of the Statute of this Tribunal as construed by
3 the Trial Chamber in the Prosecution v Tadic. That
4 decision was number IT-94-1-T. It is about preventing
5 the contamination of witnesses in the case, whether it
6 is for the prosecution or for the defence.
7 We would like to bring to the court's attention,
8 and I have provided the prosecution with two articles
9 that have been in the clipping service provided to us by
10 the Tribunal. One of the articles -- we have the
11 English translation of it too. We will provide that to
12 the court after the prosecution gets through looking at
13 it. One of the articles is by -- The Congress of the
14 Serb Unity and Association of the Camp Prisoners warn
15 the Celebici victims. It says: "Stay away from
16 lawyers." It is dated May 25th, 1996, this article. I
17 will present the whole article to the court in a
18 moment.
19 There is another article, which is the newest
20 article -- do you have it, Tom? I have it. I am sorry,
21 your Honours. It is dated March 30th, 1997. It comes
22 from the newspaper clipping from the Belgrade Daily
23 newspaper. It talks about the testimony of Grosdana
24 Cecez and the testimony of Mirko Babic, and it also
25 talks about a counsellor named Slobodan Stojanovic, who
Page 1980
1 represents the Serbian witnesses, victims for the
2 International Tribunal, and how he coaches them, how he
3 talks to them, and further I think taints their
4 testimony in a way that has yet to be proven, but
5 I believe if we could have these people come forward --
6 they may even be in the court room today. The edition
7 of the Belgrade Evening News talks about a Serbian
8 attorney, Slobodan Stojanovic, who discussed the
9 testimony of Grosdana Cecez and Mirko Babic. In that
10 story Mr. Stojanovic says that they did not tell half the
11 story that they knew because they were too embarrassed
12 or because they did not feel like it was worth
13 repeating.
14 Additionally, on April 18th, 1997, which is from
15 our press clippings from the Tribunal, the Information
16 Office translated the Editiona Politika, which is a
17 story that quotes Dusika Bojic, the Secretary of the
18 Association of Detainees, discussing the testimony of
19 Witness N and Milojka Antic. In the article Mr. Bojic is
20 quoted as saying Witness N is the Association's key
21 witness. Mr. Bojic is further quoted as stating that
22 Witness N went through terrible tortures, and he further
23 indicates that he had access to the witness statements
24 of other witnesses who placed Ms. Antic in Celebici.
25 Rule 90(d) is being violated by persons
Page 1981
1 unconnected with the Office of the Prosecutor or the
2 Tribunal informing witnesses of the contents of prior
3 witness statements. It also is possible that someone
4 outside the Tribunal is preparing the witnesses for
5 their testimony and helping them shade their testimony
6 or even commit perjury. The Association of Detainees
7 now claim that their witnesses have told the OTP in
8 their written statements and they are alleging that they
9 have had testimony to statements that nobody else has
10 had access to. Also, if you look back on the testimony
11 of Mirko Babic and Ms. Cecez, a lot of it seemed
12 memorised. When asked outside her direct testimony
13 about questions, she would say she did not remember or
14 did not recall. It was very difficult for either one of
15 them to depart from the script.
16 Anyway, we feel that also they have had
17 discussions with Ms. Cecez and then discussed Ms.
18 Cecez's testimony with Ms. Antic, because she was well
19 aware that the defence had access to the medical records
20 and had time to prepare for that testimony coming up.
21 We are certainly not laying any suspicion on the
22 prosecution whatsoever, but we ask this court to take
23 into consideration the fact that by videolink testimony,
24 we have no access to these witnesses, that the
25 Association of Serbian witnesses has now told all the
Page 1982
1 witnesses not to talk to the defence attorneys and also
2 that because of the probability, the high probability,
3 with this association of tampering with the witnesses in
4 some sort, we feel it more desirable, and of course
5 under Rule 21.4(e) the rights of the accused would be
6 better preserved, if we could also have the witnesses
7 present in the court room.
8 We ask that this court conduct a hearing into this
9 matter to make sure that each witness knows that they
10 are not supposed to be coached by any outside sources;
11 they are not supposed to get information other than
12 their own personal knowledge about their testimony in
13 the court room, and if the court adopts that Tadic
14 decision, then each witness should be given some kind of
15 document telling them what it is that their conduct is
16 expected in this court room.
17 I would like to introduce both of these articles
18 to the court for your consideration on this matter.
19 They have been interpreted. The prosecution has the
20 original documents over there, but we would like to have
21 both marked as defence exhibits and presented to the
22 court. I believe my learned colleague Mme Residovic may
23 have a few more words to add to this argument, but we
24 would like the court to please conduct an investigation
25 into this area also. That is one of our main reasons
Page 1983
1 why we think the videolink testimony is not appropriate
2 in this trial. Thank you.
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, Ms Residovic. Can we hear you?
4 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): My learned colleague, Ms
5 McMurrey, has presented all the arguments on behalf of
6 the defence. Presenting our views regarding the
7 videolink, I had these arguments in mind, and we thought
8 that it was necessary for the Trial Chamber to hear
9 these arguments in much greater detail as they were
10 presented by Ms McMurrey. We feel that this is in the
11 interests of a fair trial.
12 As I said at the beginning, when I spoke as
13 defence counsel for Zejnil Delalic, anything that might
14 impair the fairness of the trial in this Tribunal we
15 will be focussing on, and we will appeal to the Trial
16 Chamber to hear our arguments and to pass a ruling in
17 that sense. The defence of Zejnil Delalic concurs fully
18 with the statements of the defence of Mr. Landzo.
19 MS. McMURREY: Your Honour, outside of this, we have one
20 more request too, that since Witness N has been
21 described by this organisation as their key witness, who
22 has been prompted, that perhaps we could have a voir
23 dire examination of Witness N to determine whether or to
24 what extent he has visited with people outside of the
25 Office of the Prosecutor and outside of this Tribunal.
Page 1984
1 Thank you: if I might have the usher, I will
2 offer these articles to the court for their
3 consideration.
4 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much. I think we will
5 read them later. I do not know what useful purpose it
6 will serve at this stage. We have heard all the
7 arguments. Do you want to make any replies?
8 MS. McHENRY: Your Honour, just briefly. It is not entirely
9 clear to me how any of this is relevant to videolink
10 testimony, since videolink testimony occurs under the
11 direction of the court and there are people from the
12 Registry handling it. So we, in fact, do not see the
13 relevance of this. It seems more a closing argument.
14 With respect to the particular issues, there is --
15 as far as I can tell, there is nothing in those articles
16 which suggests that the witnesses have been discussing
17 their testimony with other witnesses or that they are
18 being coached or tailored. We certainly do not believe
19 that there is any evidence before this court either from
20 their own -- from how the witnesses appeared or even
21 when the defence has attempted to get into this on
22 cross-examination.
23 The association, as I understand it, is not a --
24 it is certainly not a part of the Tribunal, but it is a
25 voluntary association that certain witnesses have chosen
Page 1985
1 to belong to. I do not believe it is within this
2 court's -- not authority, but I do not believe there is
3 any need for this court to get into what they have
4 done. The issue is: are the witnesses telling the
5 truth? Has anyone told them what to say? I can assure
6 the court that the Association does not have access to
7 any Office of the Prosecutor's statements and any
8 statements being referred to would be separate ones,
9 which we believe in some instances there are and have
10 been given to the defence.
11 So, your Honours, we do not believe that there is
12 anything suggesting that anything improper has happened
13 with respect to any of the witnesses, and, as far as the
14 allegation that an organisation in the US may have
15 advised witnesses to not speak with defence attorneys,
16 again that is certainly the office of -- I think it is
17 agreed that the Office of the Prosecutor has never done
18 that, but if an association decides to give advice,
19 I think it is up to the witness to take it or not take
20 it, but I do not believe that there is anything per se
21 improper in doing that.
22 So your Honours can look at the articles, but when
23 the prosecution has briefly looked at them, we have not
24 seen any evidence that anything that has gone on before
25 this court -- that the witnesses have behaved improperly
Page 1986
1 or that there has been any violation whatsoever of any
2 of the court's -- the Tribunal's rules, including Rule
3 90. I certainly believe the defence has and in
4 appropriate circumstances can continue to cross-examine
5 on that issue, but I do not believe anything further is
6 required.
7 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much. I am very
8 grateful for the assistance of all counsel in these
9 applications. Fortunately this is not the first time an
10 application of this nature has been presented and
11 I think it is necessary to understand that this Trial
12 Chamber will protect the interests of both the accused
13 persons, the witnesses and the prosecution also. It is
14 an impartial Trial Chamber, as the Tribunal is, and in
15 coming to our decision we have taken particular care to
16 ensure that none of the rights of the accused persons is
17 affected by the measure we adopt.
18 Now possibly there might be some misunderstanding
19 of the nature of the videolink conference. The Registry
20 of this Tribunal is fully in charge of the videolink
21 conference even outside the Trial Chamber here. A
22 member of the Registry will be sent abroad and will
23 conduct the examination and the arrangement for the
24 videolink conference. For whatever it may mean, there
25 is the assurance that the organisation will be perfect
Page 1987
1 and counsel will be able to cross-examine, see the
2 accused persons in the videolink, and the Trial Chamber
3 will be sitting to determine the nature of the
4 examination of the witnesses.
5 Now, the argument about witness tampering, that
6 might be quite new. I would not know. Perhaps
7 prosecution might also not know. Referring the Trial
8 Chamber into instituting an inquiry into that is
9 unnecessarily expanding our own horizon. Unless there
10 is sufficient evidence to show that any such thing is
11 going on and not that any meddlesome internal person is
12 doing that, there cannot be made out. In the present
13 circumstances of the conflict going on anything can
14 happen and one does not rely on much of the information
15 which is being dished out from all corners. As far as
16 we are concerned, we are more interested in the motion
17 before us and we deal with it in accordance with the
18 Rules and the Statutes of this court, of this Trial
19 Chamber I mean.
20 Now, the main argument has been that it is a
21 violation of Article 21.4(e). We do not think that is
22 correct, because the accused persons have all
23 opportunities to cross-examine and examine the witnesses
24 and the Trial Chamber also has an opportunity of
25 observing the demeanour of the witnesses. So no
Page 1988
1 provision is violated. For the inconvenience which
2 might be suggested, we have looked into it and we have
3 come to the conclusion that this is not outweighed by
4 the benefit that might arise from protecting the
5 witnesses and the interest involved.
6 So we agree with the prosecution application that
7 a video conference will be organised for K and L. M,
8 who was formerly included in the whole arrangement, the
9 prosecution has withdrawn its application, because the
10 circumstances are no longer the same. We grant the
11 application to issue the video conference. The Registry
12 will be informed to proceed accordingly.
13 Now, before we conclude this aspect, I have to
14 apologise, because my familiarity with this body is
15 breeding a little contempt in that I did not ask for
16 representation when we started. Counsel did not
17 announce their presence, both the prosecution and the
18 defence. I assume we have all been the same. I appeal
19 to everybody to forgive and kindly announce their
20 presence.
21 MR. OSTBERG: Thank you, your Honour. I will do that. I am
22 Eric Ostberg and I am accompanied in this trial by my
23 learned colleagues Mr. Giuliano Turone, Mrs. Teresa
24 McHenry and our case manager, Ms. Elles van
25 Dusschoten. Thank you, your Honour.
Page 1989
1 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Can we now hear the defence?
2 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): My name is Edina
3 Residovic, defence counsel of Zejnil Delalic. With me
4 is my colleague, Eugene O'Sullivan, Professor of
5 Criminal Law, and our colleague, Ekrem Galijatovic, will
6 not be participating for a time in the hearings in this
7 Trial Chamber, and we will announce his repeated
8 appearance in due time to the court. Thank you.
9 MR. GREAVES: Your Honour, I am Michael Greaves. I appear
10 on behalf of the defendant Mucic, and I am assisted
11 today by Mrs. Mira Tapuskovic, who appears as my legal
12 assistant in this case. He is also represented by Mr.
13 Branoslav Tapuskovic, who is lead counsel in the case,
14 but who is not present in court at the present time.
15 MR. KARABDIC (in interpretation): My name is Salih Karabdic,
16 defence counsel of the accused Mr. Hazim Delic. With me
17 in the team is Mr. Tom Moran, lawyer from Houston,
18 Texas.
19 MR. BRACKOVIC (in interpretation): Good morning, your
20 Honours. My name is Mustafa Brackovic, attorney from
21 Sarajevo, defending the accused Esad Landzo, together
22 with my learned colleague, Cynthia McMurrey, from the
23 United States. Thank you.
24 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much. I am happy that
25 you accept my apology for that.
Page 1990
1 We can now continue with our last witness and
2 I think break in about an hour's time. Can we have the
3 witness?
4 Witness N (continued)
5 Examined by MR. TURONE (continued)
6 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Would you kindly swear the witness?
7 THE REGISTRAR: I wish to remind you that you are still
8 testifying under oath.
9 MR. TURONE: May I proceed, your Honour?
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, you can.
11 MR. TURONE: Thank you. So, Mr. N, last time you told us
12 something about your valuables having been taken from
13 you. Now my question is: did you ever get your
14 property back?
15 A. (In interpretation): no.
16 THE INTERPRETER: Microphone, please. Would the witness
17 please move closer to the microphone?
18 A. I never received my property back.
19 Q. Okay. Thank you. My next and I would say last question
20 now. For the convenience of the Chamber and the defence
21 lawyers I am referring to the transcript on page 1914.
22 When I asked the witness:
23 "Do you remember approximately when you saw
24 Mr. Mucic for the first time?",
25 you answered:
Page 1991
1 "I don't know the exact date."
2 Now my question is: do you remember roughly in
3 which month you saw Mr. Mucic for the first time?
4 A. I cannot remember exactly which month it could have
5 been.
6 Q. All right, your Honour. My examination-in-chief is
7 finished. Thank you very much.
8 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much, Mr. Turone. Has
9 the defence decided the order of their
10 cross-examination?
11 MR. O'SULLIVAN: Yes, your Honour. We will proceed in the
12 following way. First, counsel for Mr. Mucic; second,
13 counsel for Mr. Delic; third, counsel for Mr. Landzo; and,
14 fourth, counsel for Mr. Delalic.
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Mr. Greaves, you can now take the
16 witness.
17 Cross-examined by MR. GREAVES
18 MR. GREAVES: I am reminded to ask that the screen is
19 preventing Mr. Mucic from seeing the witness giving his
20 evidence. I would ask that he be able to do that
21 please. Perhaps your court usher can just make a slight
22 adjustment to make sure that he can see him.
23 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: On the right side.
24 MR. GREAVES: It may be if I use the podium it will be
25 simpler. It is extremely loud and I have got a terrible
Page 1992
1 echo in my ... thank you.
2 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You can control the sound.
3 MR. GREAVES: Yes. Mr. N, I want to ask you, first of all,
4 please, about the two interrogations which were carried
5 out with you at Celebici camp, about which you told us
6 when you were here some time ago. Do you remember
7 giving evidence about those two interviews?
8 A. Yes.
9 Q. The first of those two interviews was carried out by a
10 man you told us Mladen Zovko; is that right?
11 A. The first was by Mladen -- the first interrogation was
12 by Mladen Zovko.
13 Q. The second interrogation was carried out just prior to
14 your release by Pavo Mucic; is that right?
15 A. No. It was roughly some time in August. After that
16 I was transferred to another prison, to the sports hall.
17 Q. I am sorry. You are quite right. It was before your
18 transfer to the sports hall, the point I make is this:
19 the interrogation by Mr. Mucic, that was just before you
20 were moved from Celebici to the other camp?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. Thank you. You have cleared up the bad question that
23 I asked and I apologise for asking it badly, Mr. N.
24 The two interrogations, Mr. N, would it be right to
25 say that they were quite different in their nature?
Page 1993
1 A. I cannot remember exactly whether they were different.
2 Q. Can I help you about this: the interview that you had
3 with Mr. Mucic, would you accept that that was a very
4 short interview?
5 A. It was short.
6 Q. Just two or three very quick questions being written
7 down?
8 A. There were several questions. I don't know exactly.
9 Q. But that interview was very much shorter than the one
10 that had been conducted by Mladen Zovko?
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. The interview with Mladen Zovko, was that an unpleasant
13 experience for you?
14 A. When Mladen Zovko interrogated me, I had before that
15 been beaten up, so I can't remember very well what he
16 asked me even.
17 Q. Did it last for a long time?
18 A. Maybe roughly about an hour.
19 Q. The interview with Mr. Mucic lasted how long?
20 A. Maybe about 20 minutes or half an hour.
21 Q. I want to ask you this question now, and it is the last
22 one that I am going to ask you, Mr. N: it is right, is
23 it not, that some time during your stay in Celebici you
24 heard that Pavo Mucic had issued orders that no one
25 should be beaten. Do you accept that?
Page 1994
1 A. I heard of that, but I personally was beaten up after
2 those orders. I heard one of the guards say that orders
3 had come after the International Red Cross visit that
4 nobody should beat us, but I was beaten by Kemal Mr.dzic,
5 a guard, and Samir Honda.
6 Q. That may well be so, but the point is this, is it not,
7 that you heard that Pavo Mucic had issued such orders?
8 A. Yes.
9 Q. Thank you. No further questions.
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you. Mr. Moran?
11 Cross-examined by MR. MORAN
12 MR. MORAN: Your Honour, if I can get a second to be
13 situated with earphones and things ... may it please the
14 court.
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, you can take the witness.
16 MR. MORAN: Good morning, Mr. N.
17 A. Good morning.
18 Q. My name is Tom Moran and, as I am sure you noticed,
19 I represent Hazim Delic in this case. I am going to ask
20 you some questions and if you do not understand one of
21 them, will you stop me and ask me to explain it or break
22 it down, or whatever it takes, so you understand the
23 question that is asked; will you do that for me?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. Would you just answer the question that I ask? Some of
Page 1995
1 them may just call for a "yes" or "no". Could you just
2 answer those with just "yes" or "no"?
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. Thank you very much, sir. First thing I would like to
5 talk about is: you arrived in Celebici on May 23rd; is
6 that right?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. You were taken to Hangar 22?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. That was the day that your property was taken; is that
11 correct?
12 A. That evening.
13 Q. So it was the evening of 23rd May 1992?
14 A. Yes.
15 Q. All right. You did not see Mr. Delic there at that time,
16 did you?
17 A. No.
18 Q. Okay. Let us go on to another subject. Let us talk a
19 little bit about the death of Scepo Gotovac; okay? As
20 I recall when you testified here last week, you
21 testified that when he was brought back into the hangar
22 that he had some kind of a badge nailed to his head; is
23 that correct?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. And you testified at that time that you did not recall
Page 1996
1 whether it was an SDA badge or an SDS badge; is that not
2 correct?
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. If I showed you an SDA badge, would you recognise one of
5 them?
6 A. I don't know that.
7 Q. If the usher could show him one, I have one in my
8 pocket.
9 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I thought he said "no".
10 MR. MORAN: That is fine, your Honour.
11 A. I said that I did not know whether I would be able to.
12 MR. MORAN: Your Honour, whatever pleases the court. If I
13 can show it to him, I have it. If it would not be
14 helpful, that is fine too.
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Well, it depends on you, because from
16 his answers -- it depends what you think you can get out
17 of it.
18 MR. MORAN: Your Honour, if the usher could show it to him.
19 We can mark it, if the court desires, and put it into
20 evidence.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: As what? (Badge handed to witness).
22 MR. MORAN: Is that the kind of badge?
23 A. I don't know if this is the one that was there. There
24 must be different kinds of badges.
25 Q. Okay. Fair enough. Do you remember talking to the
Page 1997
1 investigators from the Office of the Prosecutor on
2 February 23rd and 24th 1996 about that?
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You can return his badge to him.
4 THE INTERPRETER: Microphone please, your Honour.
5 A. I don't know the exact date.
6 MR. MORAN: But you remember meeting with the Office of the
7 Prosecutor back in February of 1996. There was an
8 investigator there and an interpreter there; is that
9 correct?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. Was there anyone present during the interview?
12 A. No.
13 Q. Do you remember at that time you told them that it was
14 an SDS Bosnian-Serb political party badge that was
15 nailed to that man's forehead?
16 A. I don't remember.
17 Q. Has anyone talked to you about your testimony here today
18 in preparation for your testimony here today?
19 A. No, not now.
20 Q. No one at all?
21 A. Well, no one.
22 Q. So, for instance, you did not talk to Mr. Turone about
23 your testimony here today?
24 A. Not today.
25 Q. Okay. About your testimony here before this Tribunal
Page 1998
1 have you talked to anyone about your testimony before
2 the Tribunal here?
3 A. Well, yes.
4 Q. Who all was that?
5 A. With Mr. Giuliano.
6 Q. Was there anyone else that you discussed it with?
7 A. Well, no.
8 Q. Did anyone tell you that counts 1 and 2 of the
9 indictment allege specifically that an SDA badge was
10 nailed to that man's head?
11 A. Can you repeat this question, please?
12 Q. Sure. I am happy to. Did anyone tell you, after you
13 made your statement in February 1996, that count --
14 where you said that it was an SDS badge that was nailed
15 to Mr. Gotovac's head, that counts 1 and 2 of the
16 indictment, specifically paragraph 16 of the indictment,
17 say that the badge involved was an SDA badge?
18 A. No, nobody told me that.
19 Q. Your Honour, I am about to mention something that
20 I think we might want to go into private session for one
21 question. If we just turn off the audio outside?
22 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes. Can we get into private
23 session. Tell them.
24 (In closed session)
25 (redacted)
Page 1999
1 (redacted)
2 (redacted)
3 (redacted)
4 (redacted)
5 (redacted)
6 (redacted)
7 (redacted)
8 (redacted)
9 (redacted)
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much. We can return to
11 open session
12 (In open session)
13 MR. MORAN: When Mr. Gotovac was taken out and beaten, that
14 incident that you recounted when you testified here last
15 week, who else would have seen that? Who else could
16 have seen that?
17 A. For Mr. Scepo Gotovac?
18 Q. That is correct, sir.
19 A. It could be seen by Mirko Babic and a group of men who
20 were sitting there in those rows next to the door.
21 Q. They could see just as well as you could?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. You said that -- you testified that at some point
24 Mr. Delic came to you and asked you about some injuries
25 that you had received; is that not correct?
Page 2000
1 A. Yes.
2 Q. Did you get some medical care in any relationship to the
3 time after that? For instance, after Mr. Delic talked to
4 you?
5 A. I was taken to Number 22, where there were doctors Relja
6 and Petko, and there they changed the bandage that I had
7 on my arm. They did not have any other supplies to do
8 anything further.
9 Q. So immediately after Mr. Delic talked to you you received
10 what medical care was available?
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. You also testified about one incident where you say that
13 Mr. Delic beat you. Is that the incident you recounted
14 in your statement, where he talked to you about not
15 being allowed to walk around the Hangar 6?
16 A. Can you repeat this?
17 Q. Sure. I am happy to. You testified last week that
18 Mr. Delic personally beat you on one occasion. Do you
19 remember that?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. That was the incident that you talked about in your
22 statement, where he said that prisoners were not
23 supposed to be walking around -- moving around inside
24 Hangar 6; is that not correct?
25 A. Yes, yes.
Page 2001
1 Q. In fact, that was the rule in Hangar 6, was it not?
2 A. Yes.
3 Q. And, in fact, you had violated that rule, had you not?
4 A. I was not moving.
5 Q. That is fine, sir. By the way, from your experience
6 being around the Celebici camp, was that camp, in your
7 opinion, a place that was designed to hold large numbers
8 of prisoners, or was it designed to do something else?
9 A. I don't know.
10 Q. Well, for instance, from what you saw of the camp, were
11 there facilities that you would expect to see if a large
12 number of people were going to be kept there or
13 stationed there, barracks and showers and toilet
14 facilities and kitchens and recreational facilities and
15 that kind of thing?
16 A. I know that there was a room where there was the
17 administration building. I know that there was a mess
18 hall there, and there was also a toilet in there, but
19 for the rest I don't know.
20 Q. But you never saw large numbers of facilities for things
21 like toilets, or showers, or anything like that, did
22 you?
23 A. No.
24 Q. And, in fact, that place was designed -- the camp, when
25 it was built, was designed to do things other than have
Page 2002
1 large numbers of people living there; is that not right?
2 A. That I don't know.
3 Q. The food you received at Celebici, sir, do you know how
4 it compared to the food that the guards were eating,
5 whether you had greater rations or smaller rations than
6 the guards had?
7 A. I don't know what the guards were getting, but our food
8 was horrible. We would have a slice of bread and later
9 there was a period of three days and nights where we had
10 no food.
11 Q. Your Honour, at this point we will pass the witness.
12 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Any other cross-examination?
13 MS. McMURREY: Yes, your Honour.
14 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Take the witness.
15 Cross-examined by Ms McMurrey
16 MS. McMURREY: Good afternoon, Witness N. I am going to ask
17 you --
18 A. Good morning.
19 Q. You are right. I want to ask you to give me the same
20 courtesy that you gave Mr. Moran also and please attempt
21 to listen to the question and give the answer to the
22 question I am asking and then we will both be finished
23 before lunch, I think. Can you do that?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. Thank you. You stated earlier that the only person that
Page 2003
1 you spoke to before you came to testify before this
2 Tribunal was Mr. Giuliano Turone; is that correct?
3 A. I talked in the period before with -- and I can't recall
4 the names -- the gentleman asked me about that, but
5 I know that here I only talked to Mr. Giuliano.
6 Q. Let us go back to before you arrived in The Hague. You
7 know you spoke to the investigators for the prosecution,
8 did you not, in 1996?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. You also spoke to a Dusika Bojic, who is Secretary of
11 the Association of Detainees, did you not?
12 A. No.
13 Q. So you never spoke to that person?
14 A. I have heard of this person, but I have not personally
15 spoken to her.
16 Q. Did you speak to a representative of hers before you
17 came to testify at this Tribunal?
18 A. I don't know who her representative is.
19 Q. You discussed this case with someone from the
20 Association of Detainees in Belgrade, did you not?
21 A. Not this case.
22 Q. Not your testimony, not the occurrence that happened in
23 Celebici?
24 A. Not about the testimony, but we talked about what
25 happened to me personally.
Page 2004
1 Q. You talked to them about the testimony of other
2 witnesses too, did you not?
3 A. No.
4 Q. You spoke to a man named Slobodan Stojanovic, did you
5 not?
6 A. No.
7 Q. So you never spoke to the attorney for the Association
8 of Detainees, did you? Is that what your testimony is?
9 A. I did not.
10 Q. Is it your testimony before this court today that you
11 have never been told what other witnesses have testified
12 to or will testify to in this Tribunal?
13 A. Not that.
14 Q. You have never been informed about any testimony of
15 anybody else before this Tribunal, only yours?
16 A. Not to me.
17 Q. Thank you very much. Now you stated before that your
18 occupation is still that of a refugee, but you have
19 training as a machinist and training in the restaurant
20 industry, do you not?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. It has been five years since your release from Celebici,
23 has it not?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. So who is it that pays for you to continue being a
Page 2005
1 refugee?
2 A. I don't know that. I have no financial help. I work as
3 a waiter and I sort of make ends meet.
4 Q. You are no longer a refugee. You have a job now at this
5 point, do you not?
6 A. It is not a steady job. I make ends meet, and, of
7 course, I still am a refugee. I have nothing of my own.
8 Q. I want to go back to before the war started. You were a
9 member -- you served in the ex-JNA, did you not?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. That ex-JNA was really the Serbian JNA in 1992, was it
12 not?
13 A. No.
14 Q. Are you telling this court it was not predominantly
15 Serbian in 1992?
16 A. That I don't know, but I know that there were Muslims
17 and Croats in the JNA in 1992.
18 Q. You served in the area of Mostar in the fight against
19 the Croats for Dubrovnik and that area, did you not?
20 A. No. That is not correct. In 1987/1988 I did my
21 military duty in Tolmin in Slovenia.
22 Q. Thank you. As a JNA soldier you are aware that ordinary
23 soldiers are meant to follow orders, are they not?
24 A. Can you repeat the question, please?
25 Q. Ordinary soldiers -- you were an ordinary soldier in the
Page 2006
1 JNA, were you not?
2 A. Yes.
3 Q. As an ordinary soldier, you have to follow the orders of
4 your superior, do you not?
5 A. It depends.
6 Q. Are you saying that you did not follow the orders of
7 your superior?
8 A. Whatever I considered as something that I should do,
9 I did that, but if there was something that for me
10 personally was something I shouldn't do, I would not.
11 Q. You would be punished if you did not follow orders,
12 would you not?
13 A. It depends. If I was right, I would not.
14 Q. You said you are from the village of Viniste; is that
15 right?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. In a little while after lunch I would like to show you a
18 map to show where it is. It is in the middle of the
19 area just north -- well, it is in the middle of the area
20 between Bradina and Donje Selo, is it not?
21 A. It depends on the position that you are looking from.
22 Q. Thank you.
23 Your Honour, if I might ask the usher to put this
24 on the ELMO, I would like for him to demonstrate where
25 his village is, so we can show why there was probably no
Page 2007
1 armed conflict there. Thank you. This is an exhibit
2 that has already been introduced in Ms Calic's
3 testimony.
4 A. (Pointing).
5 Q. Thank you. Viniste is a very small hamlet, is it not?
6 A. Yes.
7 Q. Can you just demonstrate one more time on this, right
8 there on the map, you can see Viniste up in the
9 mountains; right? Would you demonstrate one more time
10 where it is located, please?
11 A. (Pointing).
12 Q. Thank you. Viniste -- is it not true that on May 19th
13 1992, that all of the military-aged men from Viniste had
14 already gone to Donje Selo; is it not?
15 A. Not correct.
16 Q. There were no fighting-aged men left in your village the
17 day that the village was taken over, was there?
18 A. I said already that there were military manoeuvres going
19 past our village, and most of the people from that area
20 were within the Homolje and Galjevo area, which was
21 Muslim.
22 Q. In fact, most of the people had already left the village
23 and gone to either Cerici or Donje Selo, had they not?
24 A. No.
25 Q. There was no armed conflict in your village, was there?
Page 2008
1 A. No.
2 Q. You said that you were arrested in the -- arrested with
3 Branko and Jordan Gotovac, did you not?
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. So if Branko Gotovac stated that he had not seen you
6 until he got out of the van at Celebici, he would not be
7 speaking the truth, would he?
8 A. That I don't know, but Branko and myself and his son,
9 Jordan, were all in the same vehicle, but it is possible
10 that he did not notice it. Maybe he was afraid or
11 something. He was in the vehicle with us.
12 Q. So if Mr. Gotovac said that you were arrested with his
13 son Jordan at Dervo Badzac's house in Homolje, that
14 would not be the truth, would it?
15 A. Can you repeat?
16 Q. So if Branko Gotovac said you were arrested with his
17 son, Jordan, at Dervo Badzak's place, B-A-D-Z-A-K's
18 place, in Homolje, he would not be speaking the truth;
19 is that what you are saying?
20 A. The truth is that we were arrested in the house.
21 Q. You were arrested in your home or in the home of Dervo
22 Badzak?
23 A. That is a mistake. Dervo -- it was the house of Hasib
24 Jahic. They brought us there in order to protect us
25 from this military that was passing through our hamlet
Page 2009
1 and the day before, in fact, the same day, they were
2 taken to Konjic and released by the HVO and the TO.
3 Q. Then on your final arrest, you are stating to this
4 court, that you were with Branko Gotovac and Jordan
5 Gotovac at this gentleman's house just described. Was
6 it in Homolje?
7 A. This was in Galjevo. It is another hamlet just like
8 Viniste, near Homolje, maybe 100 metres away. The
9 distance between Galjevo and Homolje is 100 metres.
10 Q. Your testimony is arrested with Branko and Jordan
11 Gotovac, finally ultimately to go to Celebici at this
12 location in this village you just described?
13 A. Jordan and myself were in the house. Branko was in
14 Homolje in the house of Emir Alic. That same evening we
15 were together taken to Celebici.
16 Q. So you were not really arrested with them. You were
17 arrested separately and then put together; is that your
18 testimony?
19 A. No. I said that Jordan and I were together in this
20 house and this is the third time illustrating this, and
21 Branko was in Emir Alic's house, but we were taken all
22 together to Celebici. I hope I was clear.
23 Q. Okay. So it is clear that you were not with Branko
24 Gotovac at the time that you were arrested, were you?
25 A. At the moment I was in the van with Jordan and the van
Page 2010
1 was in front of the house where Branko was staying.
2 That is Emir Alic's house. Then he was put into the van
3 there.
4 Q. The gentleman's house where you and Jordan Gotovac were
5 located, he is a Muslim too, is he not?
6 A. Yes.
7 Q. In fact, at one time you and Branko Gotovac and the
8 Muslim soldiers, they were all drinking coffee at the
9 home of Branko Gotovac, were they not?
10 A. Yes. That same day when we were returned from Konjic we
11 first went to Branko Gotovac's house and on the
12 suggestion of these people, who had taken us back from
13 Konjic, we were in Branko Gotovac's house and then we
14 moved to Homolje in order to get protection so that we
15 would not be taken from Viniste again.
16 Q. So your arrest on that day was Serbians, Muslims,
17 friendly, no violence, and the atmosphere was
18 controlled, was it not?
19 A. In this village there was no armed conflict. The
20 relationships were friendly until the day when we were
21 taken to Celebici.
22 Q. Thank you. I suppose you did not know that Jordan
23 Gotovac was arrested in the possession of a
24 semi-automatic weapon, did you?
25 A. That I am not familiar with.
Page 2011
1 Q. I want to go back a little bit. You were born in
2 Bosnia-Herzegovina, were you not?
3 A. I was born in Konjic.
4 Q. Okay. You could have voted in the referendum on March
5 1st, 1992, could you not?
6 A. I do not know.
7 Q. You could have voted in any election in
8 Bosnia-Herzegovina, because you are a citizen of
9 Bosnia-Herzegovina and you were of voting age, were you
10 not?
11 A. I participated in elections I do not know exactly now,
12 but in 1991. I did not participate in 1992.
13 Q. Thank you very much. You said you were not beaten when
14 you were arrested, nor when you were first taken to
15 Celebici; is that not true?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. You said when you arrived at Celebici, you were placed
18 in Building Number 22, with some other detainees, were
19 you not?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. You also stated that several nights later you heard some
22 -- you saw some people from Bradina being brought in,
23 did you not?
24 A. Not in the day-time. In the day-time, yes, I saw them
25 bringing in some people.
Page 2012
1 Q. You also testified that you knew these people from
2 Bradina, did you not?
3 A. Some of them.
4 Q. But you also stated that you did not know that they were
5 even from Bradina until later on when you got into
6 Building Number 6; is that not true?
7 A. Yes. Not that I did not know. I assumed they were from
8 Bradina, but later I saw some of them.
9 Q. Also you state that in Building Number 22, when you were
10 first placed in there, there were about 30-40 other
11 detainees in the building with you; is that correct?
12 A. Yes.
13 Q. So there were not over 100 detainees in that building
14 during that time, were there?
15 A. At the time I arrived there were roughly that many that
16 I said, and I know that at one time, while I was in that
17 building, there were about 100 people.
18 Q. So are you saying that the population in Building Number
19 22 increased after you arrived, or after you went to
20 Hangar Number 6? Which one?
21 A. While I was in the Building Number 22 the number of
22 people increased.
23 Q. You and Mr. Branko Gotovac were neighbours and friends,
24 were you not?
25 A. Yes.
Page 2013
1 Q. You knew about his hernia before you were taken to
2 Celebici, did you not?
3 A. I'm not familiar with that.
4 Q. You have discussed your experiences in Celebici with him
5 since 1992, have you not?
6 A. I do not remember talking to him in particular, but
7 I know what happened to Branko in Celebici.
8 Q. Are you telling us that since 1992 in casual
9 conversation you and Mr. Gotovac have not told each other
10 what happened to each other in Celebici?
11 A. We did not have any reason to talk about those things,
12 because we saw what had happened to him and me.
13 Q. Now you described three serious beatings that you allege
14 you received while at Celebici, did you not?
15 A. I described all the torture I was subjected to. Some of
16 them I failed to mention, this beating where they hit
17 me. I mentioned the worst ones.
18 Q. That is what my question was. You described three very
19 serious beatings, did you not?
20 A. I described the beating up and the burning with a heated
21 knife.
22 Q. The first beating that you described, I believe you said
23 took place on May 24th, 1992, did it not?
24 A. Yes. Yes.
25 Q. On that day you were beaten by the HOS soldiers, were
Page 2014
1 you not?
2 A. No.
3 Q. Well, the soldiers that you were beaten by were not
4 merely the people present in Celebici camp, were they?
5 They were MUP representatives and Croatian soldiers too,
6 were they not?
7 A. I don't know. I just know that I was beaten by Bato
8 Alikadic and Almir Nuhic, and the only Croat there was
9 Pero Blazevic, known as Srbija, as far as I knew.
10 Q. Thank you. In fact, Esad Landzo was nowhere around
11 Celebici during this period of the time, was he?
12 A. I do not know that.
13 Q. But you did not -- he was not beating you that day, was
14 he?
15 A. On that day, no.
16 Q. And, in fact, you never saw Esad Landzo present in the
17 camp until he came with some other guards around the
18 middle of June, did you?
19 A. I don't know the date exactly when he came.
20 Q. But it was after -- I am sorry -- but it was after you
21 were taken to Hangar Number 6, was it not?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. You said you received broken ribs, severe beating in the
24 kidney area, a cracked jaw, two teeth knocked out and
25 several teeth cracked, all from the beating on May 24th,
Page 2015
1 did you not?
2 A. Yes, on May 24th two teeth were broken and my jaw was
3 fractured. After that I was beaten up several times and
4 I described those incidents in my statement, one of
5 those beatings.
6 Q. In the beating on May 24th, that is when you were beaten
7 so severely that you lost control of your kidneys; is
8 that not correct?
9 A. No. The second time when I was beaten up I had no
10 control over my kidneys.
11 Q. Well, you said on May 24th that in your testimony last
12 week that after the beating on May 24th your friends had
13 had to carry you to the toilet and you could not eat or
14 drink. In fact, they dropped some milk and some liver
15 on your lips; is that not correct?
16 A. Yes. Yes.
17 Q. You said you remained in Building Number 22 for 13 days
18 and then you were transferred to Hangar Number 6. So
19 that would be somewhere after June 5th, would it not?
20 A. Roughly 13 days. I did not say exactly 13 days, and
21 I was transferred. I don't know the date. I was moved
22 to Hangar Number 6.
23 Q. I would like to ask you some questions about Hangar
24 Number 6 right now. You spent most of your time there,
25 did you not?
Page 2016
1 A. Yes.
2 Q. And that is -- what would you estimate the dimensions of
3 that building were?
4 A. Well, roughly it was about 25 metres long and about 13,
5 14 wide. I didn't have a meter to measure it, so I
6 don't know exactly. That is my rough estimate.
7 Considering the condition I was in, I need not
8 necessarily know exactly.
9 Q. There were windows at the top of this building, if you
10 can call them windows, really more like air vents, that
11 were at least 3 metres above the ground, were they not?
12 A. I don't know exactly how high up they were but they were
13 in the corner, something like that.
14 Q. But you could not see out of them, could you?
15 A. Those windows were facing behind the part of the -- the
16 area where people were beaten. People were taken out of
17 the hangar and beaten and there were no windows there.
18 Q. The windows that you are describing, though, they were
19 too high for any human being to be able to see out of
20 without a ladder; is that not correct?
21 A. Nobody needed to look through those windows, because one
22 could not see anything through them anyway. There were
23 just some hangars further away.
24 Q. Were they too high to see out of or not?
25 A. I really don't know exactly. I never looked through
Page 2017
1 them.
2 Q. Now, the front of the hangar, or the walls of the
3 hangar, all four walls, there were no holes in the walls
4 that you could see out of, were there?
5 A. I didn't pay any attention, so I don't know whether
6 there were holes or not, any kinds of holes.
7 Q. And there was no electricity in Hangar Number 6, was
8 there?
9 A. I don't know, but the lights were never switched on for
10 us.
11 Q. So at day-time you had the natural light from the high
12 windows, but at night-time there was no electricity, no
13 light bulbs, no lights with which to see; is that
14 correct?
15 A. I don't know. I didn't notice. I'm speaking in my
16 personal name.
17 Q. Was there a light in the building at night or no light
18 in the building at night?
19 A. I didn't notice any light.
20 Q. Now you talked about the food being absolutely horrible,
21 did you not?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. And the food came from outside of the camp, did it not?
24 A. I don't know where it came from.
25 Q. You knew that the food was not prepared in the camp, did
Page 2018
1 you not?
2 A. I don't know.
3 Q. You knew a young man named Sok, an Albanian, did you
4 not?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. And he stayed at the Celebici camp after the JNA left,
7 did he not?
8 A. I don't know how he came to stay. I just know I would
9 see him there when I was brought there.
10 Q. And he was in charge of distributing the food in
11 Celebici, was he not?
12 A. I don't know that.
13 Q. Well, you knew that there were two prisoners from your
14 Hangar Number 6 that would come to the Albanian and get
15 the food and take it back to the hangar; is that not
16 right?
17 A. I know who went for the food, but I don't know where
18 they went.
19 Q. The names of the two prisoners who went for the food are
20 what?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. I am asking you to please tell us the names of the
23 prisoners who went for the food, please.
24 A. I can.
25 Q. Okay. Please?
Page 2019
1 A. Ratko Cecez and Mladen Mrkajic went often.
2 Q. In fact, they were the representatives of the prisoners
3 in Hangar Number 6 that would communicate with the
4 guards, were they not?
5 A. I don't know whether they were representatives of the
6 prisoners.
7 Q. Mr. Esad Landzo never distributed any food, did he?
8 A. No.
9 Q. And he was just a prison guard, was he not?
10 A. I know that Esad Landzo was -- that he beat and tortured
11 prisoners. I don't know what he was.
12 Q. Do you remember our promise earlier that you would
13 answer my question. Esad Landzo was merely a prison
14 guard, was he not?
15 A. I don't know whether he was just a prison guard.
16 Q. Now, the people in charge of providing food for the
17 detainees and water for the detainees and medical
18 attention for the detainees, that would not be a prison
19 guard, would it?
20 A. I don't know who was responsible for that.
21 Q. You stated earlier that -- you drew a map and you showed
22 where you were sitting in the hangar in the summer of
23 1992, did you not?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. You changed positions some time around 1st July, did you
Page 2020
1 not?
2 A. I don't know the exact date when I moved.
3 Q. I think it was some time during the middle of your stay
4 at Celebici that you changed positions; is that not what
5 you testified to last week?
6 A. I said roughly that it was then, but I don't know the
7 exact date.
8 Q. Now, you know that the prisoners were not allowed to
9 walk around Hangar Number 6 without permission, were
10 they?
11 A. Yes, there was a prohibition on movement in the hangar.
12 You weren't allowed to get up from your place either.
13 Q. Now, there was a time when you were allowed to wave and
14 communicate with your mother while you were in Hangar 6,
15 was there not?
16 A. On one occasion this was allowed, but I don't know who
17 of the guards was there at the time.
18 Q. You would not have been able to communicate with your
19 mother if you had not received permission to go to the
20 door and wave to her; is that not right?
21 A. No.
22 Q. In fact, you know that Esad Landzo was the one who gave
23 you permission to stand at the door for two or three
24 minutes and wave to your mother; is that not true?
25 A. It was not Esad Landzo.
Page 2021
1 Q. So are you telling this court under oath that Esad
2 Landzo -- that you did not tell Esad Landzo: "Thank you,
3 Zenga, for letting me see my mother. I won't forget
4 that ever." That is the truth, is it not?
5 A. Not for that. I do not remember saying that to him.
6 Q. Any guard who would have let you go to the door and let
7 you communicate to your mother, probably would have been
8 punished for that, would he not?
9 A. We did not manage to talk. We could just raise our hand
10 and I don't know what the consequences for the guard
11 could be.
12 Q. Now, last Monday, when you were giving testimony, you
13 were smiling at Mr. Landzo, were you not?
14 A. Yes, but because after all I survived, after all the
15 things he did to me. That's why I smiled.
16 Q. Now, the second beating that you described you allege
17 happened on July 15th, did you not?
18 A. I didn't say that the second beating happened on July
19 15th. On July 15th I was taken out and burnt with a
20 heated knife on my legs and arms.
21 Q. Well, I believe your testimony last Monday was that you
22 were taken out of the hangar and a gasmask was put on
23 your face. Is that not how it started?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. Then you stated that the screw on the front of the
Page 2022
1 gasmask was tightened so you could not breathe. Is that
2 what you said?
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. Then you testified that there was a fire outside, that a
5 knife could be heated in; is that not true?
6 A. Yes. A piece of cloth was set fire to, first some paper
7 and then this cloth, some kind of a bag or something --
8 I don't remember was the material was. It was in this
9 fire that the knife was heated.
10 Q. So this was not a big bonfire or anything. This was a
11 linen bag that had been set on fire; is that what your
12 testimony is?
13 A. Yes, a linen bag was burning and in this fire the knife
14 was heated.
15 Q. So how long was this period of the alleged torture that
16 you described outside of Hangar 6? Five minutes, ten
17 minutes, fifteen minutes, 30 minutes?
18 A. Roughly about 30 minutes. I don't know exactly.
19 Q. Okay. You claim that Mr. Landzo heated this knife in
20 this fire of the burning bag and then he burned your
21 right hand; is that not what you stated?
22 A. First my left, then my right, then both my legs.
23 Q. Then you stated he heated the knife began in the fire
24 and then you stated he burned your left thigh; is that
25 correct?
Page 2023
1 A. Yes, it was my left hand, then he heated the knife
2 again, then my right hand, then the knife was heated
3 again, and then my left leg was burned below the knee,
4 and then two more burns on my left thigh and my right.
5 Q. Well, you are not telling this court there were sterno
6 inside that linen bag, are you?
7 A. I don't know what was there.
8 Q. So you have just described four times of heating a
9 burning knife all from the flame of a burning linen bag;
10 is that your testimony, over a 30 minute period?
11 A. I don't know exactly how many times he heated the knife,
12 but I know the first time he made three burns on my left
13 hand from this one heating. On my right hand he made
14 three or four burns. Again if you don't believe me, you
15 can look. You have the evidence. You have the
16 pictures.
17 Q. Well, I would like to look, but we talked about the
18 thighs before and I am going to spare both of us that
19 embarrassment right now. We are going to rely on
20 photographs later. Thank you, though.
21 All of this time, the 30 minutes that you have
22 been heating the knife, burning, heating the knife,
23 burning, heating the knife, burning, you have a gasmask
24 on and you cannot breathe; is that correct?
25 A. Yes. Occasionally he would take the stopper out so that
Page 2024
1 I could get some air, and when he made those burns, then
2 he would put the plug back in so that I couldn't scream
3 and I was, of course, choking, but I'm saying again I
4 didn't say that it was exactly 30 minutes. I said
5 roughly 30 minutes.
6 Q. Then you testified that the mask was removed and you
7 asserted that he hit you with a chain, did you not?
8 A. Yes.
9 Q. Now, the truth is there was not any chain around at
10 Celebici, was there?
11 A. I don't know, but a piece of chain about maybe 20 cms
12 long, which he took out on that occasion and started
13 hitting me with it on the neck. That I saw with my own
14 eyes and felt on my own skin.
15 Q. The truth is that the chain -- you were hit with a
16 chain, but it was on May 24th, and it was by Mr. Alikadic
17 and Nuhic, was it not?
18 A. No. On 24th I wasn't beaten with a chain. I was beaten
19 with a stick and a cable or whatever, but on this day,
20 when Esad Landzo burnt me, he hit me with a chain on the
21 neck.
22 Q. Now when you were in Hangar Number 6 -- and you walked
23 back to Hangar Number 6, did you not, after this
24 incident on July 15th?
25 A. Yes, on 15th.
Page 2025
1 Q. In fact, when you walked in, you stated last Monday that
2 your friend said: "Gosh! You escaped without any
3 problems, did you not, because we didn't hear you
4 scream?" Is that not what you stated?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. So your friends must not have thought you were in very
7 much pain, did they?
8 A. They couldn't conclude that I had no pains, but it was
9 customary when people were taken out and beaten and
10 tortured we would hear the screams, but as I had a mask
11 over my head, they couldn't hear my voice. However,
12 when I showed them all those burns they were
13 flabbergasted, and the worst of it is that I was the
14 first victim. Afterwards others were victimised. There
15 was petrol poured over them and lit and in other ways --
16 Q. Excuse me. You knew another gentleman in Hangar
17 Number 6 named Miljanic, did you not?
18 A. Miljanic?
19 Q. Yes.
20 A. Yes. Gojko Miljanic was there, his son Savo, Nedjo
21 Miljanic, Slovko Miljanic.
22 Q. In fact, the older men like Mr. Gojko Miljanic, or
23 whichever is the older Miljanic, they would save their
24 bread to eat at night, would they not?
25 A. I don't know that.
Page 2026
1 Q. In fact, you got in a fight with Mr. Miljanic, did you
2 not?
3 A. With Miljanic? Which Miljanic?
4 Q. The older gentleman Miljanic?
5 A. And his first name?
6 Q. I guess it is Gojko?
7 A. I think Gojko was dead by then. He died in his son's
8 arms.
9 Q. Well, one Mr. Miljanic you got in a fight with because --
10 it is Nedeljko Miljanic?
11 A. No.
12 Q. So you never got in a fight with Mr. Nedeljko Miljanic?
13 A. No.
14 Q. So if he stated that you -- well, if he had gone to the
15 guards and reported that you had been stealing the bread
16 from the old men, he would be lying then; is that what
17 you are saying?
18 A. That is not true, that I stole bread, because I couldn't
19 get up from my position, nor did any of the prisoners
20 steal.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I think we can have a break for lunch
22 at this point. When we come back, you can continue with
23 your cross-examination.
24 MS. McMURREY: Thank you.
25 (1.00 pm)
Page 2027
1 (Luncheon Adjournment)
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Page 2028
1 (2.30 pm)
2 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Kindly invite the witness. He is
3 still on his oath.
4 (Witness re-entered court)
5 THE REGISTRAR: I remind you that you are still testifying
6 under oath.
7 A. Yes.
8 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You can continue your
9 cross-examination.
10 MS. McMURREY: Thank you, your Honour. I believe that we
11 were about to talk about the third beating that you
12 described, but before I go into that one, I would like
13 to ask you: during this time you were beaten by the HOS
14 or MUP soldiers, when they put Serbian money in your
15 mouth and beat you, did they not?
16 A. No.
17 Q. Okay. Your Honours, I would like to bring out --
18 because I asked earlier about putting these on the video
19 thing, but Blaskic has the computer all tied up, so
20 I would like to bring out Prosecution Exhibit number 1
21 and ask that -- I think the Registrar will have to get
22 it out -- ask that drawing Number 7 be placed on the
23 ELMO?
24 JUDGE JAN: You mean photograph Number 7?
25 MS. McMURREY: Number 7 is the drawing of the inside, your
Page 2029
1 Honour.
2 JUDGE JAN: Quite right. It is Hangar Number 6.
3 MS. McMURREY: Yes, your Honour. It is the inside of
4 Hangar Number 6.
5 Witness N, you described two different locations,
6 one where you sat at the first of your stay at Celebici,
7 and one location where you stayed the second part of
8 your stay at Celebici. Can you, without making any
9 marks on, this because this is direct evidence, can you
10 point with your finger where inside the hangar was your
11 first location and then the second place that you sat?
12 A. I showed that last time. I thought it was not
13 necessary, but of course, I can do it. Roughly here
14 the first time and later here. (Pointing).
15 Q. The place where you sat the second time, which is
16 further back in the hangar, that is where you were
17 sitting when Mr. Esad Landzo first came to the camp, was
18 it not?
19 A. No.
20 Q. Okay. The second place that you were sitting, that is
21 where you were sitting at the time that Scepo Gotovac
22 was allegedly beaten; is that not true?
23 A. I don't know exactly whether I was there, but I do think
24 that it was in the first position that I was sitting at
25 the time.
Page 2030
1 Q. Can you show the court on this drawing, on this diagram,
2 where it was exactly that Mirko Babic was sitting?
3 A. I can. (Pointing).
4 Q. The truth is he was not in the second row?
5 A. Roughly here.
6 Q. He was in the third row back, was he not, not the first
7 row in the centre but the second row in the centre; is
8 that not true?
9 A. Mirko Babic was sitting in the second row in the middle
10 at first, roughly here. I can't tell you exactly. He
11 was facing this part of the hangar with his back. His
12 back was turned. (Pointing).
13 Q. Just for clarification, the first row was the group of
14 detainees against the wall. The second row was the row
15 closer to the door in the centre, and the third row was
16 the row in the centre that is furthest from the door.
17 That is where Mirko Babic was sitting, was it not?
18 A. He was not far from the door, because the difference
19 between this row and the other one was about a metre,
20 one and a half, so it wasn't far.
21 Q. So your testimony to this court was the two rows in the
22 centre were just one metre away from each other?
23 A. I am giving approximations. One metre, one and a
24 half. I don't know exactly. I didn't say it was one
25 metre.
Page 2031
1 Q. Okay. Could I please have the usher put Prosecution
2 Photograph number 27 onto the ELMO? No, that is not
3 number 27 according to my book. Yes. I cannot tell.
4 No, that is not the same photograph either that
5 I have. Oh, your Honour, I believe that the numbers we
6 have are different.
7 MR. TURONE: 27.
8 MS. McMURREY: Now, Witness N, can you look at this
9 photograph and do you recognise it?
10 A. The first or the second? The first or the second
11 photograph?
12 Q. The top one, the one at the top of the page.
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. That is the front of Hangar Number 6, is it not?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. With your little pointer right there can you point on
17 this photograph where it is that the one opening that
18 was used in Hangar Number 6 was located?
19 A. What do you mean "opening"? You mean the door?
20 Q. Yes, I mean the door.
21 A. (Pointing).
22 Q. That is not a large hangar door, is it? It is a smaller
23 door, is it not?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. Your testimony is that you could see out of this door
Page 2032
1 and see what was happening out of Hangar Number 6 when
2 you were in position number 1 in the hangar; is that
3 your testimony?
4 A. Yes. I could see in front of the door when they were
5 open.
6 Q. Now, the door opens not from the corner of the hangar
7 but it opens from the middle part of the hangar, does it
8 not?
9 A. I don't know exactly.
10 Q. The door does not swing open --
11 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You can be running away with too many
12 imaginations here. This was a fairly difficult
13 thing. You cannot even know what the place looks
14 like. He has told you he could see from where he was
15 sitting. It depends on the way the door was opened.
16 If it was open, he might have seen it.
17 MS. McMURREY: Your Honour, if I might, the way the door
18 opened obscures the way he would be able to see. If it
19 opens out --
20 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You did not open it, did you?
21 MS. McMURREY: No, but I know how it opens. I have a right
22 to test his knowledge.
23 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You have too many rights. This is
24 not one of them. He has told you when the door was
25 open, he was able to see. You did not open the door
Page 2033
1 for him to see, so you do not know how much you opened
2 it for him to see.
3 MS. McMURREY: I am just trying to prove that if the door
4 were wide open that his line of vision is, one, obscured
5 by this hill here and, number two, that the door opens
6 in a way to limit his view, where all he has is the side
7 of the hill that he sees at that point. If the court
8 wants to cut me off from my questioning, fine.
9 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: If it is being unreasonable, I shall
10 tell you. If you want to push it, ask him.
11 MS. McMURREY: Does the door open from the corner of the
12 hangar out or does it open from the middle of the hangar
13 out?
14 A. I told you I don't know exactly which way it opens. I
15 didn't open it myself.
16 Q. But the truth is when you looked out of that hangar, all
17 you could see was the side of that hill, is it not?
18 A. No. We were not looking through the hangar, but through
19 the open door, so I could see in that direction what
20 there was in front of the door.
21 Q. Okay. Your Honour, could I please have Prosecution
22 photograph number 33?
23 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You can have the exhibits -- you can
24 use as many of them as you want to. It is an
25 exhibit.
Page 2034
1 MS. McMURREY: I was just asking for him to place it onto
2 the ELMO for me, please.
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, you can do that.
4 MS. McMURREY: Thank you. Now, Witness N, those windows
5 are the only windows on the front of this hangar, are
6 they not. I am referring to Prosecution witness (sic)
7 number 33 and Hangar Number 6.
8 A. Please repeat the question.
9 Q. The windows that you see here on the front of Hangar
10 Number 6 are the only windows on the front of Hangar
11 Number 6, are they not? I am referring to photograph
12 number 33, the Prosecution?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. Those windows are --
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. Those windows are definitely too high for anybody to
17 look out of without a window (sic), are they not?
18 A. I don't know. I personally did not look. I didn't
19 even notice those windows.
20 Q. Okay. Let us go on to the third beating that you
21 described. That beating that you described was the day
22 that you said 22 people were taken out and beaten, were
23 they not?
24 A. Yes. It was the evening.
25 Q. That happened on July 17th, did it not?
Page 2035
1 A. I don't know. I didn't give the date.
2 Q. Well, you were given a reason why everybody was taken
3 out and beaten, were you not?
4 A. No.
5 Q. In fact, this was the day that the nine military police
6 were murdered near Bradina, is it not?
7 A. No.
8 Q. And you are positive that was not the same day?
9 A. It wasn't that day.
10 Q. You stated you were taken behind Hangar Number 6 and
11 another gasmask was placed over your head, did you not,
12 only this time it had a white cloth placed over the
13 front of it so you could not see; is that right?
14 A. Yes. I was taken out of the hangar, round the corner,
15 where the path led to the toilet, and that is where they
16 beat me from the front side of the hangar.
17 Q. When you say around the side, you can point on this
18 photograph where it was you were taken. You were taken
19 to the back left-hand side or right-hand side of the
20 hangar?
21 A. Here.
22 Q. You testified there were four or five people that held
23 you down and beat you; is that not true, with something
24 resembling a baseball bat?
25 A. Yes.
Page 2036
1 Q. Now you were --
2 A. It was a wooden object in the shape of a baseball bat,
3 and before that we were beaten with a baseball bat too.
4 Q. Now, you were not stripped naked at that time, were you?
5 A. Yes. They took off everything I had on me. They
6 forced me on my stomach and they beat me and they poured
7 water over me.
8 Q. The truth is that whatever happened back there, you do
9 not know who beat you. It just happened that the only
10 voice you recognised was Esad Landzo's; is that not
11 true?
12 A. No. Esad Landzo personally took me out of the hangar.
13 He put the mask on my head and Esad Landzo hit me
14 several times with his leg in the stomach and the ribs
15 until I fell, and Esad Landzo held me down until this
16 unknown -- while this unknown person was beating me.
17 Q. Okay. So now your story is that Esad Landzo held you
18 down while some unknown person beat you. Is that what
19 you are testimony is?
20 A. Yes. That's what I said, that Esad Landzo took me out
21 of the hangar, that there were another four or five
22 people there, that they held me and one of them was
23 beating me. So Esad Landzo was holding me down and two
24 or three other people, other persons. One was standing
25 on my legs and the other two on my hands.
Page 2037
1 Q. The truth is that once the gasmask was put on your face
2 and you had the white cloth over it, you do not know who
3 was beating you or who was holding you, do you?
4 A. I know that Esad Landzo was holding me, because when
5 they were beating me, he would speak some words that
6 I did not understand, but I recognised his voice.
7 Q. Let me ask you another question too. You have testified
8 many times about how you know that Mr. Landzo beat
9 people, because he took them out of the hangar. The
10 truth is that you assumed that Mr. Landzo was beating
11 people because he was the one who was ordered to take
12 the detainees out of the hangar; is that not true?
13 A. I don't know whether he was given such orders, but
14 Landzo came to the hangar often. He beat me in front
15 of all the prisoners. Afterwards he took me out and
16 beat me, but I don't know who gave him any orders and
17 whether those were orders that he was following.
18 Q. But this testimony that you just gave is certainly
19 different from your direct testimony a week ago Monday,
20 is it not?
21 A. Listen, after all, five years have gone by and what was
22 done to me during my stay in Celebici, it's a wonder
23 that I can talk at all and especially when I remember
24 all those things that I went through. This is the
25 clear evidence that can be confirmed by 200 people.
Page 2038
1 Q. You testified earlier that you did not know whether Esad
2 Landzo was a guard at Celebici or not. Was that not
3 your testimony?
4 A. No. I said that I didn't know whether he was a guard or
5 not. I just know that he beat people, that he came,
6 that he was there during that period non-stop. We were
7 all afraid.
8 Q. Now, Witness N, we had an agreement earlier that you
9 would answer my question. My question was: you said
10 earlier that you did not know whether Esad Landzo was a
11 prison guard or not. Did you or did you not say that?
12 A. No. I am repeating again what I already said. I do
13 not know whether he was a guard, but I know that he was
14 there. He beat people. He tortured people. I think
15 that is clear. I have nothing more to say.
16 Q. Now, Witness N, Mr. Landzo in 1992 was only 18 or 19
17 years old, was he not?
18 A. I don't know how old he was.
19 Q. But you knew he was very young, did you not?
20 A. I don't know.
21 Q. And in reality you don't know one way or the other
22 whether he was just following orders, do you?
23 A. No, I don't know.
24 Q. You stated you were outside with Branko and Danilo
25 Gotovac whenever Branko Gotovac was beaten. Is that
Page 2039
1 what your testimony was?
2 A. I said that I was with Branko Gotovac when Zenga beat
3 him, and on that occasion he stuck a match under my
4 thumbnail, after which I had a lot of trouble. It
5 became painful. It was very painful and it hasn't
6 healed properly to this day.
7 Q. So your testimony is that Branko Gotovac was outside
8 with you when this occurred. Is that your testimony?
9 A. Yes. Branko was there and Danilo, his son, was there
10 when this happened to me.
11 Q. So it is a little strange that Mr. Gotovac never
12 mentioned that incident, is it not?
13 MR. TURONE: Objection, your Honour.
14 JUDGE JAN: What is the objection?
15 MR. TURONE: He cannot be questioned about what other people
16 said.
17 MS. McMURREY: It is just his personal opinion about whether
18 it would be unusual that the other witness did not
19 mention it, if he was supposed to be present whenever
20 this occurred. I will change the question. When do
21 you allege that the incident involving fellatio
22 occurred? . Please do not mention any names, Witness
23 N.
24 A. Would you please repeat the question?
25 Q. When is it that you allege that the incident involving
Page 2040
1 the fellatio occurred and please do not mention any
2 names, just a date?
3 A. I don't know the date exactly.
4 Q. But you do know that you were sitting in your second
5 position in the hangar when that occurred, do you not?
6 A. I can't say for sure where I was sitting, but I know
7 I saw it and it's not important where I was sitting, but
8 I saw it and it was not just me who saw it; all the
9 prisoners who were there saw it.
10 Q. Okay. Last Monday on page 1913 of the court record you
11 stated that you personally viewed Mirko Babic, Vukasin
12 Mrkajic and Dusko Bendzo and one other person with their
13 pants still burning in the hangar. Did you not testify
14 to that on page 1913 of the court record?
15 A. I stated regarding Dusko Bendzo, I saw his pants
16 burning. As for Vukasin Mrkajic, I saw him when a fuse
17 was wound round him and a light was put to it and he was
18 running round. Regarding Mirko Babic, I saw burns.
19 Q. I am sorry. That is not my question. My question is:
20 you saw their pants still on fire in the hangar. Is
21 that your testimony?
22 A. I have just said I saw Dusko Bendzo's pants burning, and
23 in the case of Vukasin, he was naked to the waist and
24 this fuse was wound round his body and it was burning.
25 Mirko Babic, I saw the burn, the scar on his leg. I
Page 2041
1 didn't say that his pants were burning. Only Dusko
2 Bendzo's pants were burning inside. That is what I saw
3 and said.
4 Q. Now, you testified on Monday that Scepo Gotovac was
5 taken out of the hangar by Esad Landzo, did you not?
6 A. Yes.
7 Q. The truth is that all you know is that Mr. Landzo took
8 him out of the hangar; is that not true?
9 A. I know that he was beaten by Esad Landzo there and in
10 front of the hangar and that he had taken him out.
11 That's what I know, and I also know that there was this
12 badge that had been nailed to his head, to his forehead.
13 Q. Witness N, the truth is that once Mr. Gotovac was taken
14 out of the hangar by Mr. Landzo, you did not personally
15 witness what happened to him outside, did you?
16 A. I did not see it personally, what happened outside, but
17 we heard the moans, cries for help of Scepo Gotovac and
18 then later there was somebody who had seen Esad Landzo
19 beat him. I don't want to --
20 Q. I am going to object. He is not testifying from any
21 personal knowledge. He is citing that somebody else may
22 have told him something later on. I asked him if he
23 saw it and he needs to answer that question. Could the
24 court instruct him?
25 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Instruct him to do what, to answer
Page 2042
1 your question?
2 MS. McMURREY: Yes, sir.
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Answer the question.
4 MS. McMURREY: The truth is once he is outside, you do not
5 know what happened. You could not personally have seen
6 that, could you?
7 A. I said that I had seen when he was beaten inside. That
8 is what I saw with my own eyes and I saw that he took
9 him out and we heard the screams outside. That meant
10 that he was being beaten and then later the people were
11 saying --
12 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Are you satisfied with this?
13 MS. McMURREY: Yes.
14 JUDGE JAN: I have two questions for the witness. How wide
15 was this door out of which a prisoner was taken out?
16 How wide was it?
17 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I thought he had given answers to
18 that. He need not answer that. He has given answers
19 how he saw people were taken out. He has answered
20 that.
21 JUDGE JAN: How wide was the door?
22 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You do not have to answer that,
23 because he is not making any claims for seeing people
24 from inside. He did say that.
25 JUDGE JAN: The second question is: was the door allowed
Page 2043
1 to remain open after the prisoner was taken out?
2 A. It depended. Sometimes the door would remain open and
3 sometimes they would shut it.
4 MS. McMURREY: May I proceed?
5 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes.
6 MS. McMURREY: Thank you. The truth is, Witness N, that
7 you do not know whether Mr. Landzo was merely following
8 orders either, do you?
9 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: This is your third time of asking this
10 question and you do not have to continue with it that
11 way. This is your third question on that.
12 MS. McMURREY: I am asking specifically about Scepo Gotovac.
13 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: He had always told you he could not
14 know. This is your third time.
15 MS. McMURREY: You testified on Monday that an SDS badge had
16 been nailed into his forehead, did you not?
17 A. No. On Monday I stated that a badge had been nailed.
18 I don't know whether it was an SDS or SDA badge, but
19 I just know that there was a badge nailed to his head
20 through his skin.
21 Q. And the truth is you don't know who placed the badge on
22 Mr. Gotovac before he was brought back into the hangar,
23 so you could not personally know who placed it there,
24 could you?
25 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Did you know who placed the badge in
Page 2044
1 his forehead?
2 A. I heard from other people that it was Esad Landzo.
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: No. Did you know who did it? Did you
4 see them?
5 A. I did not see it personally. I did not see the
6 instance when the badge was nailed but some people said
7 that it was Esad Landzo, because he had beaten him.
8 MS. McMURREY: In fact, Witness N --
9 A. That's what I heard. I said that I had heard. I saw
10 the badge that was nailed there.
11 MS. McMURREY: That was not the question. This all
12 happened at night, did it not, this whole incident with
13 Scepo Gotovac?
14 A. No. It happened during the day.
15 Q. So if Mirko Babic testified that Adem Cosic and someone
16 else other than Esad Landzo took Scepo Gotovac out of
17 the hangar, then he would be lying, would he not -- I am
18 sorry -- telling an untruth? I am sorry?
19 MR. TURONE: Objection.
20 A. I know that Esad Landzo took Gotovac out of the hangar
21 and I know that it was during the day. I don't know
22 what Mirko Babic stated and that's of no interest to
23 me. I know what I know and I didn't know those
24 persons.
25 Q. It is your testimony today that this all happened during
Page 2045
1 broad daylight, not at night; is that correct?
2 MR. TURONE: Objection. Asked and answered.
3 A. Yes, during the day.
4 JUDGE JAN: He said broad daylight.
5 MS. McMURREY: Did you not testify last Monday that you
6 merely found Mr. Gotovac dead the next morning? Is that
7 not true?
8 A. No, I did not say about Mr. Gotovac that he was found
9 dead in the morning, that he had died there.
10 Q. You did not say that he was brought back in in the
11 middle of the night?
12 A. No. No. I did not say that he had been taken in during
13 the night. I said that he was brought back and that he
14 died there. I did not say that it was in the morning
15 or during the night, as you say.
16 Q. Okay. You testified that with Simo Jovanovic, he was
17 taken outside of the hangar too; is that not true?
18 A. Yes. He was taken out of the hangar, beaten outside --
19 he was first beaten inside and then he was --
20 Q. I am going to object. He was testifying from no
21 personal knowledge outside. If he was beaten inside,
22 yes. He is not answering the questions. This is
23 going to take all day. Could I just ask for an
24 instruction from the court to have him answer the
25 questions, please? .
Page 2046
1 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Keep asking him.
2 MS. McMURREY: Okay. Mr. Simo Jovanovic was taken outside
3 of the hangar, was he not?
4 A. Yes, he was taken out and he was brought back, and he
5 was also beaten inside, so I saw when he was beaten
6 inside and I could hear when he was being beaten
7 outside.
8 Q. So then your testimony last Monday --
9 A. I saw him dead.
10 Q. Last Monday when you testified that you did not even
11 know who took him out of the hangar, then that is not
12 true, is it?
13 MR. TURONE: Objection. This is amounting to a
14 harrassment.
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: What is your answer to the question?
16 Ask him the question again.
17 MS. McMURREY: So when you testified last Monday that you
18 did not even know who took him out of the hangar, Simo
19 Jovanovic, that would not be telling the truth, would
20 it?
21 A. I said that there was a group of people who were from
22 the village of Idbar and Esad Landzo was with them.
23 That is what I said. I didn't say that I didn't know
24 who took him out. Maybe the interpretation was not
25 correct.
Page 2047
1 Q. So your testimony today is that there was a group of
2 people that took him out; is that correct?
3 A. There was a group of people standing at the door when
4 they called him out to get out of the hangar, and Esad
5 Landzo even beat him inside in front of everybody before
6 he went out. Then later he was beaten and we saw the
7 dead body behind our backs there.
8 Q. So all this is completely different from your testimony
9 a week ago last Monday, is it not, though?
10 A. It is not different at all. Maybe just a word or two
11 that are different. What is important is that I saw
12 his dead body and I saw him being taken out, and I saw
13 when he was beaten inside.
14 Q. And all of this happened at night, did it not?
15 A. No, it didn't happen at night. It happened in the early
16 evening, but it was still daylight.
17 Q. So was it before 9 o'clock or after 9 o'clock?
18 A. I don't know the exact time. We did not have any
19 watches.
20 Q. Okay. Now whenever you testified about the beating of
21 Bosko Samoukovic, you never mentioned that there were a
22 lot of other guards present at the time, did you?
23 A. I don't know who it was. I saw personally when Bosko
24 Samoukovic was beaten and I saw Esad Landzo beat him
25 with a plank across his back and then he was taken out
Page 2048
1 and I said that Dr Relja told us that he had died in
2 Building Number 22 and he had been brought there.
3 Q. This was July 17th, 1992, was it not?
4 A. I don't know what date it was. I don't know the date.
5 Q. Now, you left Celebici at the end of August; is that
6 correct?
7 A. On 31st August.
8 Q. You told the Prosecutor that while you were in Musala
9 that you saw Mr. Landzo occasionally, did you not?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. And he was a member of the military police then, was he
12 not?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. Now, you never saw Mr. Landzo in Celebici before the
15 middle of June and the HOS soldiers left, did you --
16 I mean, the HVO. I am sorry. It was the HVO
17 soldiers.
18 A. This is not clear to me. I do not know when the HVO
19 members were there. I just know that at the beginning
20 they were together. While I was in Building Number 22
21 I know that there were Croats there. After that I
22 don't know. I did not notice Croatian soldiers when
23 I was in Building Number 6.
24 Q. You were aware that there was a group of prison guards
25 that came together, like six or seven of them at one
Page 2049
1 time to Celebici; is that not true?
2 A. I don't know. I don't know the exact dates. I don't
3 know when these groups came and when it was that
4 somebody arrived, because there were many guards.
5 Q. Now, you left at the end of August. You never saw Esad
6 Landzo in the prison camp after the end of July, did
7 you, 1st August?
8 A. I don't know.
9 Q. I pass the witness, your Honour.
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Thank you very much.
11 Mrs. Residovic, I pass the witness to you.
12 Cross-examined by MS. RESIDOVIC
13 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you, your
14 Honour. Good afternoon, Witness N?
15 A. Good afternoon.
16 Q. My name is Edina Residovic. I am the defence counsel
17 for Zejnil Delalic. Mr. N, I will ask a few questions
18 on his behalf. I will also ask you, just as my
19 colleagues did, to answer my questions as briefly as
20 possible, and if you cannot understand my question,
21 please tell me that immediately and I will try and
22 rephrase the question in such a way that would be the
23 easiest for you to answer; is that clear?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. Thank you. Witness N, before I start asking you
Page 2050
1 questions about the events that you are familiar with
2 and that you testified to before this court, I would
3 like to ask you to help me identify certain persons.
4 I would like to have these photographs marked for
5 identification purposes and to be shown to Witness N for
6 identification.
7 MR. TURONE: Sorry. We are not familiar with these photos,
8 so we would like to know what the defence lawyer is
9 going to --
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: They will be passed to you. They
11 will be passed to you first. Show it to the
12 prosecution: let the prosecution see them.
13 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honour, yes. We
14 would ask the photographs to be placed on the ELMO so
15 that everybody can see them.
16 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Let them know what actually they
17 are.
18 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Yes. Of course, yes,
19 your Honours.
20 MR. TURONE: We are very sorry, your Honours, but this is a
21 matter of general concern. We were not absolutely
22 informed about this possibility of showing pictures to
23 the witness and these seem not to be pictures intending
24 to impeachment but seem to be part of the defence case
25 maybe. I do not know. So we object to the proper way
Page 2051
1 of introducing evidence this way. I am very sorry.
2 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, I very
3 clearly stated the request of the defence. For the
4 purpose of identification of certain persons I wish that
5 the witness be shown the statements or photographs and
6 then during the cross-examinations they can also be used
7 to verify whether the witness speaks truth about certain
8 facts, and that is the reason why I want these pictures,
9 as is my right, to be shown to the witness, and whether
10 they will be used as evidence or not, the defence will
11 decide on that after the cross-examination and possible
12 identification.
13 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Actually I do not really know what it
14 is all about, but you do not spring a surprise on
15 somebody by merely showing him a picture unless he has
16 denied knowing who the person is in that picture. If
17 you actually want him to identify a person, there has to
18 be a background as to his knowledge of that person.
19 There is nothing now before the Trial Chamber to show
20 that he has ever denied knowing whoever you want to show
21 to him to identify it.
22 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): It is clear that once
23 the picture is shown to him, that I will ask him
24 questions about these persons. This is an integral
25 part of the identification process. If the witness
Page 2052
1 does not have a picture in front of him, I cannot ask
2 him the question.
3 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Are you trying to remind him about the
4 persons in the photograph or are you actually leading
5 him into telling you exactly what has transpired between
6 him and someone and this picture tells you who that
7 person is? You must lay the background of how this
8 picture comes into it. It is not fair on anybody just
9 to spring a surprise on him. I am sure you know why
10 you want to show him the photographs. You know in your
11 mind why you want him to see the photographs.
12 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Naturally, your Honour,
13 during my cross-examination my intention is, depending
14 on whether the witness will or not identify the person,
15 I intend to ask him some questions. That is the reason
16 why I offer these photographs. They have a bearing on
17 his testimony before this court. I can't tell you more
18 at this point, because I would then reveal what
19 questions I intend to ask of the witness and that
20 witness had already --
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: If he says he does not know, I do not
22 know what you will do.
23 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): I will continue with
24 other questions. I do not expect the witness -- that
25 the witness will have to answer or recognise the
Page 2053
1 persons, but I think that -- since the witness is under
2 oath, I think that the witness will tell us what he
3 knows.
4 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Okay. Show it to him.
5 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you.
6 MR. TURONE: I would add for the record that our objection
7 is based on Rule 67(c).
8 JUDGE JAN: It is a special defence taken by the accused.
9 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Please, I would like
10 this photograph to be placed on the ELMO.
11 Mr. N, do you know who this person is?
12 A. No.
13 Q. Thank you. You can put the next picture.
14 Witness N, can you recognise the persons in this
15 picture, any of the persons?
16 A. No.
17 Q. Thank you very much. Please show the third picture to
18 the witness.
19 This is the picture of a man with long hair and a
20 ponytail?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. Can you recognise this man?
23 A. I saw this man when he entered Hangar Number 6. I
24 don't know his name.
25 Q. If I can help you, can you remember if this is Emir
Page 2054
1 Delalic?
2 A. I don't know his name. I just saw his face when he
3 entered the camp. That's the only thing I know.
4 Q. Thank you. So you saw this man enter Hangar Number 6?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Can you please take the picture off the ELMO and we will
7 go back to it later. Can you please now show to the
8 witness the last photograph that we would like him to
9 see?
10 Mr. N, can you recognise the person in this
11 photograph?
12 A. I saw this person but I don't know his name.
13 Q. Can you tell us where did you see this person?
14 A. I can't remember now exactly. This is not -- it seems
15 to have been retouched, this photograph.
16 Q. Mr. N, did you see this person also in the Celebici
17 barracks, in the Celebici camp?
18 A. It is possible that I saw him there, but I am not
19 sure. I did see him somewhere.
20 Q. If I may help you to remind you, because so much time
21 has passed, is it true that this is Sefik Delalic?
22 A. I don't know.
23 Q. I would now like to ask you, Witness N, if you can, in
24 your own hand on pictures number 3 and 4, to state
25 before this court that you recognised the person who
Page 2055
1 entered Hangar Number 6, that is picture number 3, and
2 on photograph 4, if --
3 A. As for picture number 4, I am not sure. That's what
4 I said. As for picture number 3, I am sure about that.
5 Q. As for picture number 4, we will not write down those
6 things. As for picture number 3, if you can write down
7 what you said before this Court. Do you have a pen?
8 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: What is the meaning of that? What is
9 the meaning of a witness writing down the record of the
10 court? It is a record here. If there is anything he
11 admitted, it is there.
12 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): After this, your
13 Honours, I wish photograph number 3 to be submitted as
14 evidence for the defence.
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: You mean through the prosecution
16 witnesses?
17 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Yes, as evidence
18 identified by the witness in this Trial Chamber, and
19 afterwards it can be used as defence evidence by the
20 court. Maybe I was not precise enough. I apologise.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: It could be tendered as what he has
22 identified. That is sufficient. It is an exhibit.
23 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Yes. Thank you, your
24 Honours.
25 MR. TURONE: Your Honour, may I object to the admission of
Page 2056
1 this exhibit for a matter of principle, because we
2 object under Rule 67(c), because we have never been
3 given access to these pictures and it was not for
4 impeachment reasons. So this is our objection, and
5 I emphasise we object as a matter of principle.
6 Defence know that we are entitled to see what should be
7 used as evidence under Rule 67, paragraph C. Thank
8 you.
9 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, the
10 defence will do that. Since the witness has identified
11 only one photograph, from that moment we are obliged to
12 discover evidence, because we intend to use this exhibit
13 as evidence. According to the cited Rule, we are
14 obliged to submit any evidence which we have in our
15 possession and submit for insight to the Prosecutor and
16 that is what we shall do now.
17 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: This is evidence which should have
18 been submitted to them before now. The only relevance
19 I see here is merely for identification purposes. It
20 is merely identifying the particular photograph. I do
21 not see the basis on which it has now been admitted into
22 evidence, because there is nothing to follow that.
23 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Your Honours, the
24 defence will tender this identified picture when
25 presenting its case as evidence. At this moment it
Page 2057
1 realises that it is its obligation to submit it to the
2 Prosecutor in accordance with the Rule on reciprocal
3 disclosure. I thank you now. The witness has
4 identified the photograph. I would like to ask him to
5 note this identification on the photograph so that when
6 the defence uses it as evidence, it can be used as part
7 of all the evidence before this Trial Chamber, and, of
8 course, it will immediately be submitted to the
9 prosecution in accordance with Rule 67(c).
10 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: The Trial Chamber notes it is for
11 identification. It is only in for identification
12 purposes.
13 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you, but I would
14 like to ask the witness to note on picture 3, to put
15 down with his hand that today he recognised on this
16 picture --
17 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: I said you cannot do that. You
18 cannot do that.
19 JUDGE JAN: Why do you insist on that? It is already on
20 the transcript that he has identified this man.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Yes, it is there.
22 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you. I am not
23 insisting. I know it is in the transcript, but since
24 I have already noted that I am trying to discover how
25 other people behaved before this Trial Chamber, the
Page 2058
1 Prosecutor did the same, so I thought that was the
2 correct procedure. For me it is sufficient that it is
3 stated in the transcript that the witness has identified
4 photograph number 3, but I think I was not acting
5 improperly if I asked him to write that down in his own
6 hand. Thank you.
7 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Except it is not in his handwriting or
8 you fear he is not the one giving the evidence ... The
9 whole process is a very strange way, in a strange Trial
10 Chamber, I suppose, but definitely he has answered. He
11 has identified it and it has been admitted for
12 identification purposes. This is sufficient.
13 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): I will for the sake of
14 precision regarding this identification and what is --
15 what appears in the transcript, let me repeat that the
16 witness has identified the photograph submitted to him
17 as number 3, and in answer to my question whether this
18 was a man with long hair and a ponytail, and I named him
19 as Emir Delalic. I want to be sure we do not make any
20 mistake.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: The witness did not give that
22 evidence.
23 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Yes.
24 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: His evidence is very clear in the
25 transcript as to the person he saw in the Hangar 6.
Page 2059
1 That is all he knew about it.
2 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you, your
3 Honours. Mr. N, I should now like to pass on to some
4 questions that I am interested in hearing from you.
5 You told the Prosecutor in February 1996 a lengthy
6 statement; you made a lengthy statement for the
7 Prosecution?
8 A. Yes.
9 Q. You made it in Temisoara?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. Like my learned colleague, in view of the next three
12 questions I intend to ask the witness, I ask that the
13 sound be switched off so as not to affect the protective
14 measures against this witness?
15 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Kindly inform them to cut off the
16 sound so it should be in private session.
17 (In private session)
18 (redacted)
19 (redacted)
20 (redacted)
21 (redacted)
22 (redacted)
23 (redacted)
24 (redacted)
25 (redacted)
Page 2060
1 (redacted)
2 (redacted)
3 (redacted)
4 (redacted)
5 (redacted)
6 (redacted)
7 (redacted)
8 (redacted)
9 (redacted)
10 (redacted)
11 (redacted)
12 (redacted)
13 (redacted)
14 (redacted)
15 (redactedû
16 (redactedû
17 (redacted)
18 (redacted)
19 (redacted)
20 (redacted)
21 (redacted)
22 (redacted)
23 (redacted)
24 (redacted)
25 (redacted)
Page 2061
1 (redacted)
2 (redacted)
3 (In open session)
4 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Mr. N, the statement of
5 February last year, which you gave to the prosecution,
6 you gave it over two days; is that correct?
7 A. Yes, about. I was there for two days. I can't
8 remember exactly the hours.
9 Q. That statement was quite an exhaustive one and with a
10 great deal of detail and precision?
11 A. I don't know what you think about it.
12 Q. I am asking you to answer my question rather than
13 answering with your questions.
14 Will you please, your Honours, ask the witness to
15 answer my questions, but not with counter-questions.
16 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: What was your question, because there
17 has been a dialogue between the two of you?
18 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Please, can you tell me
19 whether at the time you conveyed everything you knew and
20 that you could remember?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. At the time you said and mentioned people and events
23 that were linked to your arrest and your detention in
24 Celebici and Musala; is that true?
25 A. Yes.
Page 2062
1 Q. That was February 1996; true?
2 A. I don't know exactly the date. Yes, I know it was
3 1996.
4 Q. At that time the proceedings before this court had not
5 yet started; is that correct?
6 A. I don't know.
7 Q. But at the time you, Mr. N, were not aware who might be
8 indicted by this Tribunal; is that correct?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. You were born in Konjic?
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. You knew many people in Konjic?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. And you could not know which of those people would be
15 indicted by the International Tribunal?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. Do you remember, Mr. N, that at the time you told the
18 Prosecutor that all that you said in your statement was
19 true?
20 A. Yes, it was the truth that I said.
21 Q. You were aware at the time, and you were warned of this,
22 that this statement may be used in proceedings before
23 this Tribunal; is that correct?
24 A. I don't understand. I made a statement probably for
25 this Tribunal.
Page 2063
1 Q. Thank you. Mr. N, I just wish to go back to some of
2 your indications in connection with our questions. On
3 several occasions you testified that you wished to
4 forget many events, that you do not like to remember
5 what is behind you, and I fully appreciate that, because
6 all of us that have experienced the war wish to suppress
7 many of those memories. However, I would, after all,
8 like to ask you to tell me or to confirm that a year ago
9 you probably remembered some events better, some events
10 and people, than you can today, or maybe you will be
11 able to in a year's time; is that true?
12 A. Well, yes, of course.
13 Q. Thank you. After that statement in February last year
14 you had no need to look for the Prosecutor or the
15 Association of Detainees in connection with that
16 statement. Did you have any such need?
17 A. No.
18 Q. Did the Prosecution or the Association of Detainees look
19 for you?
20 A. After that, after Temisoara?
21 Q. Yes. You told my learned colleague, Mr. Moran, that upon
22 your arrival in The Hague you spoke to the distinguished
23 representative of the prosecution, Mr. Turone; is that
24 correct?
25 A. Yes, when I came here. I thought you were asking for
Page 2064
1 events over there.
2 Q. Well, after that statement in Temisoara and before this
3 interview in The Hague, did you make any additional
4 statements?
5 A. What do you mean? To whom?
6 Q. To the Prosecution?
7 A. I met the Prosecution here only when I came here.
8 Q. Thank you. Will you please tell me whether anyone
9 informed you that the defence of Mr. Delalic or my
10 learned colleagues, the defence counsel of the other
11 accused, wished to talk to you so as to have the same
12 chance as the prosecution?
13 A. No, nobody told me that.
14 Q. Thank you for this answer too. So let me repeat:
15 after Temisoara you had no talks with the prosecution
16 until you came to The Hague?
17 A. No. I met the prosecutors here.
18 Q. Mr. N, were you aware of the position of the Association
19 that witnesses should beware of defence counsel and
20 should not talk to them?
21 A. I really do not know anything about that.
22 Q. Mr. N, have you ever met with the investigator who
23 questioned you in Temisoara, Mr. Sergio Saxaca?
24 A. No.
25 Q. And have you met a Mrs Sabine Manke of Germany?
Page 2065
1 A. Yes, but not linked to this.
2 Q. So you are confirming that with Sabine Manke, that you
3 did not make any statements?
4 A. Not here.
5 Q. What about Mrs Teresa McHenry? You did not meet her
6 either before coming to The Hague; is that true?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. And you did not make any statement for Mrs. McHenry
9 either?
10 A. No.
11 Q. I would now, Mr. N, like to ask you to look at the
12 statement of November 14th. No. First let me ask you:
13 you were born on 3rd December 1968, is that true, and
14 the name of your father is Risto?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. I would like the witness to be supplied with a copy of
17 his statement from November 1996, in which it says that
18 the statement was made before the interviewer Sabine
19 Manke and present during the interview was Mrs. Teresa
20 McHenry.
21 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Do you recognise that as your
22 statement?
23 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Mr. N, if it is easier
24 for you, I can give you the first statement too, which
25 is a lengthy one, and you were interviewed by Sergio
Page 2066
1 Oaxaca?
2 A. Listen, this is all okay, but a moment ago when you
3 asked me about Sabine, whether I had had any talks with
4 her, you were talking about Temisoara. You didn't ask
5 me about these interviews.
6 Q. Will you give me this document?
7 So in this document you recognise the statement
8 you made?
9 A. Yes, but there must be a mistake in the translation,
10 though.
11 Q. This was a statement made in Belgrade?
12 A. Yes.
13 Q. Before Sabine?
14 A. But I didn't know the persons. I didn't know them.
15 Teresa McHenry either, I didn't know her by name.
16 Q. So, Mr. N, a moment ago in your testimony you said that
17 between Temisoara and here in the Hague you had not
18 given any statement, so that is not true?
19 A. This was not a real statement. It was just a checking
20 of what I had said. It's not a statement.
21 Q. Therefore, in Belgrade in the Association of witnesses
22 you made a supplementary additional statement?
23 A. It is not a statement and it was not given in the
24 Association of Detainees.
25 Q. It was in Belgrade on November 14th?
Page 2067
1 A. Yes, in Belgrade but not in the Association of
2 Detainees.
3 Q. Thank you. Allow me now, since you have recognised
4 this statement, after it was shown to you, to ask you a
5 few questions in this connection?
6 A. It is not a statement, I must repeat. A statement is
7 one thing; this is just a few words.
8 Q. Mr. N, will you please answer my questions, and what the
9 document means is stated clearly on the document.
10 Therefore, please, Mr. N, will you please confirm whether
11 after that also, as on the first occasion, you signed
12 the testimony in English?
13 A. My statement? Yes, I signed it.
14 Q. You had an interpreter during the interview?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. Is it true that you signed a certificate stating that
17 this statement had been read out to you in the Serbian
18 language and it is faithful to your knowledge and
19 memory; is that true?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. Thank you, Mr. N. Allow me now to go back to your
22 previous statement. You have already said, but please
23 confirm once again, that your first statement is much
24 longer than the second one; is that true?
25 A. I said once that it was not a statement. It was just
Page 2068
1 confirming the first statement.
2 Q. Mr. N, will you please answer my question?
3 A. I have answered it, and I don't wish to answer any more
4 questions that are not directly linked to this.
5 Q. Will you please remind the witness that he is obliged to
6 answer the questions put to him by the defence?
7 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Actually it is if he understands them,
8 is it not? I do not think a witness should not answer a
9 question. He should answer the questions. If he has
10 not understood them, phrase them better so that he can
11 understand what you are asking, because I think the
12 whole problem arises from what you think he said here
13 and over there. They are two places.
14 He has been insisting that he did not make any
15 statements in The Hague. It is possible he has made
16 several statements outside here. So you take each of
17 the statements and put them to him. If he says they
18 are not statements, what are they then; ask him that.
19 At least he was telling the prosecution what he knew
20 about the matter.
21 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Thank you for your
22 advice. I have just shown the witness his statement
23 carrying his personal data, which he confirmed, and
24 which he made on November 14th before Sabine Manke,
25 interpreter, Miodrag Savic, and in the presence of Mrs
Page 2069
1 Teresa McHenry, and which he signed carrying the
2 certificate that the statement was read to him in the
3 Serbian language and it corresponds best to his
4 knowledge and recollection. He confirmed just now that
5 he made this statement in Belgrade. So, your Honour,
6 since we are dealing now with two statements made by the
7 witness, allow me to ask him a few questions in that
8 question.
9 Mr. N, I will ask you with regard to facts linked
10 to events you are familiar with --
11 JUDGE KARIBI WHYTE: Ms Residovic, I think we can now rise
12 and you can continue your cross-examination tomorrow
13 morning.
14 MS. RESIDOVIC (in interpretation): Okay, your Honours.
15 (4.00 pm)
16 (Hearing adjourned until 10.00 am tomorrow)
17 --ooOoo--
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